| Public |
The public sector in Ethiopia includes public health facilities, and health posts staffed by health extension workers (HEWs). The public health facility category includes general and specialized national, regional and district hospitals as well as public health centers. HEWs are trained and paid women who deliver a package of basic health information and services to rural communities at stationary health posts. HEWs receive supportive supervision from health centers. Not-for profit outlets were included with public for analysis. |
The Nigerian public sector consists of public health facilities and community health workers. Public health facilities include government (federal, state, local government area) facilities, like teaching hospitals and federal medical centers at the tertiary level; general hospitals at the secondary level; and primary health centers and clinics at the primary level. Community health workers include community-based health volunteers, like Community Health Extension Workers (CHEWs) and Role Model Mothers. Private not-for-profit health facilities include non-governmental (NGO) or mission/faith-based health facilities. Not-for profit outlets were included with public for analysis. |
In DRC, the public sector consists of public health facilities and community health workers (CHWs). Public health facilities include (referral) hospitals, (referral) health centers, health posts, and dispensaries. This category also includes any private not-for-profit or for-profit health facilities that are designated by the government as the public health facility for the health area and equipped with a minimum basic package of services and commodities. Community health workers are community-based volunteers that are considered public sector outlets. CHWs in DRC can provide oral contraceptives, condoms and cycle beads. Not-for profit outlets were included with public for analysis. |
| Private Clinics |
The private clinics category includes private hospitals and clinics. Clinics are tiered into lower, medium and higher clinics depending upon their size and the services they provide.
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The private clinics category includes private hospitals and clinics. |
The private clinics category includes Private (referral) hospitals, (referral) health centers, health posts and laboratories, run on a for-profit basis. |
| Pharmacy |
The pharmacy category includes only nationally registered pharmacies. Pharmacies dispense medicines and compound prescribed preparations. Nationally registered pharmacists manage pharmacies.
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Pharmacies are licensed by the government and are authorized to sell all classes of medicines including prescription-only medicines. Pharmacies are owned by registered pharmacists or owners employing the services of a registered pharmacist.
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Pharmacies are licensed and regulated by the national medical authority and are staffed by pharmacists and qualified health practitioners. They sell all classes of medicine and are generally located in urban areas. |
| Drug Shop |
The drug shop category consists of drug shops and rural drug vendors (RDVs). Pharmacists or druggists, with a diploma-level qualification, manage drug shops. While drug shops are registered and licensed, they are unable to compound prescribed preparations. Druggists, or pharmacy technicians, manage RDVs.
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The drug shop category is comprised of Proprietary Patent Medicine Vendors (PPMVs). PPMVs are small-to-medium sized outlets selling primarily medicines. PPMVs may be registered nationally, however, many are not. PPMVs are legally permitted to sell over-the-counter medicines, including oral contraceptives. |
Drug shops are smaller in size and scope than pharmacies. These facilities are not licensed by the national medical authority. They are sometimes owned or run by staff with primary health qualifications, such as nurses, but are most commonly run by staff with no health qualifications. They are ubiquitous in urban areas in DRC. |
| General Retailer |
General retailers primarily consist of non-medicine shops and kiosks. General retailers are only legally allowed to provide condoms and do not typically have the staffing requirements to provide medicines, including contraceptive commodities other than condoms. Prior to FPwatch there was no data on the availability of contraceptives at these outlet types in Ethiopia.
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The general retail category consists of supermarkets, mini-markets and kiosks primarily selling fast-moving consumer goods, food and provisions. Kiosks/tables are points of sale located in non-permanent structures that sell goods such as food, beverages and household items. Although retailers may have over-the-counter medicines including oral contraceptives available, national authorities do not regulate the sale of medicines by retailers. Prior to FPwatch there was no data on the availability of contraceptives at these outlet types in Nigeria.
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Not applicable: General retailers were not screened in DRC because these outlets do not stock contraceptives beyond condoms. |
