Table 2.
FEM Studies and Their Reported PDL Modulus Values
| Author |
Modulus |
Sample |
Method |
Model |
| Linear | ||||
| Tanne (1998) | 0.68 MPa | Human | Load-displacement | Linear |
| Jones (2001) | 1 MPa | Human | Load-displacement | Linear |
| Canales et al. (2013) | 1.75 GPa | Human | Load-displacement | Linear |
| Piecewise Linear and Bilinear | ||||
| Poppe (2002) | E1 = .05 MPa | Human | Load-displacement | Bilinear |
| E2 = .28 MPa | ||||
| Cattaneo (2005) | <−93% = 8.5 MPa | Human | Load-displacement | Piecewise |
| 0 to −93% = 0.005 MPa | ||||
| 0 to 25% = 0.004 MPa | ||||
| 25 to 50% = 0.44 MPa | ||||
| >50% = 0.032 MPa | ||||
| Qian (2009) | E1 = 0.1 MPa | Porcine | Intrusion/extrusion | Bilinear |
| E2 = 0.8 MPa | ||||
| Dong-Xu (2011) | E1 = 0.04 MPa E2= 0.016 MPa | Human | Load-displacement | Bilinear |
| Continuous Nonlinear | ||||
| Natali (2004) | Constitutive equation | Human | Load-displacement | Mooney-Rivlin |
| Qian (2009) | Constitutive equation | Porcine | Intrusion/ extrusion | Mooney-Rivlin |