Figure 3.
Simulations of Model 3 under different conditions. (a) Examples of four simulations of Model 3, with different combinations of σI and σc. (b) The effect of changes in environmental variance: examples of three simulations of Model 3, with different combinations of σI and σc, where the variance of the environmental factor increased sharply in iteration no. 250. Note how the top line shows a recovering population, the middle one a partially recovering population, and the lowest line a collapse of the cultural trait. (c) Simulations of Model 3 with different types of learners. Blue: learners that consider environmental variability (as defined in Model 3); red: learners that update their template as in Model 2 (and ignore environmental variability); yellow: a stochastic trial-and-error observer (as in Model 1).