Figure 1.

Cardiac Ca²⁺‐handling proteins and Ca²⁺ trafficking in cardiomyocyte regulated by βARs and oestrogen. Illustration of a network of calcium‐handling proteins and Ca²⁺ trafficking in cardiomyocyte which are activated and regulated by βARs and oestrogen. Purple arrows indicate movement of Ca²⁺. The symbol indicates points at which oestrogen exerts influence on cardiac contractile function. Abbreviations: LTCC, L‐type channel; RyR, ryanodine receptor; SR, sarcoplasmic reticulum; SERCA, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺‐ATPase; NCX, Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchanger pump; PLB, phospholamban