Table 1.
The list of wild vegetable plants used in the study area
| Taxa | Family | Life form | Chorotype | Habitat and distribution frequency | Vernacular names | Edible partsa | Food useb | Frequency of citationsc | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| * | Agave americana L. | Agavaceae | P caesp | C-America | Uncultivated land, road edges both cultivated and spontaneous—C | Zabbara, Zamara | t-s | Co | R |
| Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara & Grande | Brassicaceae | H scap | Paleotemp. | Nitrophilous woods—C | Agghialòra, Pedi d’asinu | bu, le | Ra/Co | R | |
| Allium ampeloprasum L. | Amaryllidaceae | G bulb | Eurimedit. | Dry uncultivated land, edges of gardens—C | Purrièttu, Puorru sarvaggiu | bu, le, t-s | Ra/Co | VVC | |
| * | Allium nigrum L. | Amaryllidaceae | G bulb | Stenomedit. | Fields, vineyards and olive-groves—C | Agghiu d’i siminati, Porra | bu | Ra/Co | VC |
| * | Allium pendulinum Ten. | Amaryllidaceae | G bulb | W-Stenomedit. | Woods, wet and shady ground—C | Agghiu sarvaggiu | le | Ra/Co | VC |
| Allium roseum L. | Amaryllidaceae | G bulb | Stenomedit. | Garigue, dry meadows—VC | Agghiu sarvaggiu, Porru | bu | Ra/Co | C | |
| Allium subhirsutum L. | Amaryllidaceae | G bulb | Stenomedit. | Dry meadows, uncultivaded ground, and garigue—VC | Agghiu sarvaggiu | bu | Ra/Co | C | |
| Allium triquetrum L. | Amaryllidaceae | G bulb | W-Stenomedit. | Shady ground—C | Agliotta, Porrua | bu, le | Ra/Co | C | |
| Allium ursinum subsp. ucrainicum Kleopow & Oxner [100, 106] | Amaryllidaceae | G bulb | Eurasiat. | Beech-woods—NC | Agghiu ursinu, Cipudda di serpi | bu, le | Ra/Co | R | |
| Amaranthus retroflexus L. | Amaranthaceae | T scap | America Trop. | Ruins, debris, a weed in summer crops in dry and soft ground—C | Lippia | t-s | Co | R | |
| Ammi majus L. | Apiaceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated land, ruins, hoed fields—C | Ènniri, Sberra | le | Ra/Co | R | |
| Anacyclus clavatus (Desf.) Pers. | Asteraceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Dry meadows, uncultivated land—VC | Panipanuzzu | t-s | Co | R | |
| Anthemis arvensis L. subsp. arvensis | Asteraceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Cereal fields, pastures and uncultivated land—VC | Cacumidda fitenti, Calumidda sarvaggia | le | Co | R | |
| Apium graveolens L. | Apiaceae | H scap | Paleotemp. | Cultivated and wet uncultivated land—NC | Accia sarvaggia, Accia | le, t-s | Ra/Co | C | |
| Apium nodiflorum (L.) Lag. | Apiaceae | H scap | Eurimedit. | Ditches, ponds—C | Scavùni, Crisciùni | le, t-s | Ra/Co | C | |
| * | Arabis collina Ten. | Brassicaceae | H scap | Medit.-Mont. | Grazing lands, cliffs, walls—C | Razzi sarvaggi | t-s | Co | R |
| * | Arabis hirsuta (L.) Scop. | Brassicaceae | H bienn | Europ. | Dry meadows, bushes, grazing lands, cliffs, road edges, walls—C | Razzi | t-s | Co | R |
| * | Arabis turrita L. | Brassicaceae | H bienn | S-Europ.-Sudsib. | Grazing land, deciduous, stony slopes and cliffs—R | Mazarèddra duci, Cavulèdda | le, t-s | Co | R |
| Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh. | Asteraceae | H bienn | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated land, hedges, road edges, banks—NC | Bardana | le, t-s | Co | R | |
| Asparagus acutifolius L. | Asparagaceae | NP | Stenomedit. | Scrubland, holm oak, hedges Scrubland, holm oak, hedges—VC | Spàracë di rizzògna, Sparacògna | t-s | Ra/Co | VVC | |
| Asparagus albus L. | Asparagaceae | NP | W-Stenomedit. | Dry slopes, particularly in clayey ground and limestone—VC | Sparaciu jancu, Spàraciu spinosu | t-s | Ra/Co | VC | |
| Asparagus aphyllus L. | Asparagaceae | Ch frut | S-Stenomedit. | Dry and sunny slopes, hedges—VC | Spàraciu nìuru | t-s | Ra/Co | C | |
| Asparagus horridus L. | Asparagaceae | NP | S-Stenomedit. | Walls, hedges, garigue—NC | Spàriciu marinu, Sparacògna sarvaggia | t-s | Ra/Co | C | |
| Asparagus officinalis L. | Asparagaceae | G rhiz | Eurimedit. | Meadows and marshes—NC | Sparaciu manzu, Sparaciu ‘mpiriali | t-s | Ra/Co | C | |
| Asphodeline lutea (L.) Rchb. | Xanthorrhoeaceae | G rhiz | E-Eurimedit. | Dry meadows—VC | Garùfi, Puddicìnu | t-s | Co | C | |
| Asphodelus ramosus L. subsp. ramosus var. ramosus [100] | Xanthorrhoeaceae | G rhiz | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated dry ground, meadows—VC | Purrazzu, Arvùzzi ramùsi | ro | Co | R | |
| * | Asphodelus ramosus subsp. ramosus var. africanus Z. Díaz & Valdés [100] | Xanthorrhoeaceae | G rhiz | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated clayey land—VC | Agghiu porru, Purrazzu | ro | Co | R |
| Barbarea vulgaris R. Br. | Brassicaceae | H scap | Cosmop. | Wet muds, brook’s banks—R | Caulicèddi di crapa, Lassana | t-s | Co | C | |
| * | Bellis annua L. | Asteraceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Meadows, uncultivated land—C | Erva di primu xiuri, Jancuzzu | b-r | Ra/Co | C |
| . | Bellis perennis L. var. perennis [100] | Asteraceae | H ros | Europ.-Caucas. | Uncultivated land, meadows, disturbed sinantropic localites—C | Erva di primu xiuri, Jancuzzu | b-r | Ra/Co | C |
| * | Bellis perennis var. hybrida (Ten.) Fiori [100] | Asteraceae | H ros | Europ.-Caucas. | Meadows—R | Erva di primu xiuri, Jancuzzu | b-r | Ra/Co | R |
| * | Bellis perennis var. strobliana Bég. [100] | Asteraceae | H ros | Endem. Sic. | Mountain meadows—R | Erva di primu xiuri, Jancuzzu | b-r | Ra/Co | R |
| * | Bellis sylvestris Cirillo | Asteraceae | H ros | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land, pastures, olive-grove—C | Primu xiuri di voscu | b-r | Ra/Co | R |
| Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris | Chenopodiaceae | H scap | Eurimedit. | Wild on the coasts and commonly cultivated—VC | Giri, Salachi | le | Co | VVC | |
| Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima (L.) Arcang. [100, 106] | Chenopodiaceae | H scap | Eurimedit. | Along the coasts—VC | Giri, Zarchi | le | Co | VVC | |
| * | Biscutella maritima Ten. | Brassicaceae | T scap | Endem. | Uncultivated dry ground—VC | Cassatèddi, Ucchialèddi di Santa Lucia | t-s | Co | R |
| Borago officinalis L. | Boraginaceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated land, ruins—VC | Vurrania, Bburraina | fl/infl, le, t-s | Co | VVC | |
| Brassica fruticulosa Cirillo | Brassicaceae | H scap | W-Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land, walls, debris—VC | Caulicèddu, Qualicèddu | b-r, fl/infl | Co | VC | |
| Brassica incana Ten. | Brassicaceae | Ch suffr | Subendem. | Limestone cliffs, generally near the sea—NC | Amarèddi | fl/infl, t-s | Ra/Co | R | |
| Brassica nigra (L.) W. D. J. Koch | Brassicaceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Cereal fields, uncultivated land, threshing-floors—C | Cavulicèddu niuru, Mazzarèdda amara | b-r, fl/infl, t-s | Co | C | |
| Brassica rapa subsp. campestris (L.) A. R. Clapham | Brassicaceae | T scap | Medit. | Fields, uncultivated land, road edges—VC | Sinapë, Qualazzi | b-r, fl/infl, t-s | Co | VVC | |
| * | Brassica rupestris Raf. subsp. rupestris | Brassicaceae | Ch suffr | Endem. | Limestone cliffs—NC | Cavulazzu, Càulu di rocca | fl/infl, t-s | Ra/Co | R |
| * | Brassica rupestris subsp. hispida Raimondo & Mazzola [100, 106] | Brassicaceae | Ch suffr | Endem. Sic. | Limestone cliffs—NC | Càulu sarvaggiu | le | Ra/Co | VR |
| Brassica tournefortii Gouan | Brassicaceae | T scap | Saharo-Sind. | Uncultivated dry ground, particularly maritime sands—NC | Musulùchi | le, t-s | Ra/Co | R | |
| Bunias erucago L. | Brassicaceae | T scap | N-Eurimedit. | Ruins, uncultivated grassy ground, hoed cultivations—C | Ciconia di vigna, Spinacia sarvaggia | le | Co | C | |
| * | Cakile maritima Scop. | Brassicaceae | T scap | Eurosib. | Pioneer on costal sands and salty ruins—VC | Arùca marina, Arùcula di mari | t-s | Co | R |
| Calendula arvensis (Vaill.) L. subsp. arvensis | Asteraceae | T scap | SW-Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land, road edges, fields and vineyards—VC | Ciuri aranciu, Margherita russa | b-r, t-s | Co | R | |
| Capparis spinosa L. subsp. spinosa var. spinosa | Capparidaceae | NP | Medit. | Gypsum cliffs, calanque—VC | Chiappara, Chiàpparu manzu | fl-b, t-s, fr | Ra/Co | VC | |
| * | Capparis spinosa subsp. rupestris var. rupestris | Capparidaceae | NP | Medit. | Limestone cliffs and stony ground—VC | Ciapparèdda, Ciàppiru | fl-b, fr | Ra/Co | VC |
| * | Capparis spinosa subsp. spinosa var. canescens Cosson | Capparidaceae | NP | Medit.-Turan. | Gypsum and sulphur cliffs, calanque—VC | Chiàpparu sarbaggiu, Chiàppara | fl-b, fr | Ra/Co | VC |
| Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. | Brassicaceae | H bienn | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated land—VC | Bbursa di picuràru, Mastròzzu sarvaggiu | le | Co | R | |
| Cardamine hirsuta L. | Brassicaceae | T scap | Endem. | Cultivations, uncultivated land, grassland—VC | Aruculicèdda sarvaggia, Crisciuneddu d’i mura | t-s | Co | R | |
| Carduus argyroa Biv. | Asteraceae | T scap | Endem. | Uncultivated land, pastures, roadsides—VC | Cacasagna, Napordi d’acqua | t-s | Co | R | |
| Carduus corymbosus Ten. | Asteraceae | T scap | Endem. | Uncultivated dry ground, debris, roadsides—NC | Carduneddu sarvaggiu | t-s | Co | R | |
| Carduus pycnocephalus L. subsp. pycnocephalus | Asteraceae | H bienn | Eurimedit.-Turan. | Uncultivated land, road edges—VC | Scoddi | le | Co | R | |
| Carlina gummifera (L.) Less. | Asteraceae | H ros | S-Stenomedit. | Garigue, dry meadows—VC | Masticògna, Cacucciulìdda | fl/infl | Ra/Co | R | |
| * | Carlina hispanica subsp. globosa (Arcang.) Meusel & Kästner | Asteraceae | H scap | Stenomedit. | Dry and stony meadows—C | Mazzacugghiuna, Mazzacani | t-s | Co | R |
| * | Carlina sicula Ten. | Asteraceae | H scap | Endem. Sic. | Uncultivated land, dry meadows, roadsides—C | Carlina siciliana, Panicàudu | t-s | Co | R |
| * | Carrichtera annua (L.) DC. | Brassicaceae | T scap | Stenomedit.-Turan. | Uncultivated dry ground—R | Mastruzzu sarvaggiu | t-s | Co | R |
| Carthamus lanatus L. subsp. lanatus | Asteraceae | H scap | Eurimedit. | Clay-limestone ground—VC | Vavanazzi, Carduni ‘nfiliniatu o ri spina | t-s | Ra | R | |
| Carthamus pinnatus Desf. | Asteraceae | H ros | SW-Eurimedit. | Uncultivated land, pastures, garigue—C | Carduncèllu | b-r | Co | R | |
| Centaurea calcitrapa L. | Asteraceae | H bienn | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated dry ground, vineyards, roadsides—VC | Apròcchi ri picucara, Sciaccablisci | b-r | Co | C | |
| * | Centaurea napifolia L. | Asteraceae | T scap | SW-Stenomedit. | Fields, uncultivated land, pastures hedges—VC | Lucia | b-r | Co | C |
| Centaurea sicula L. | Asteraceae | H bienn | SW-Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land, roadsides—C | Appròcchiu, Buttùni d’oru | b-r, le | Co | R | |
| Centaurea solstitialis subsp. schowii (DC.) Dostál | Asteraceae | H bienn | Subendem. | Uncultivated land, vineyards, roadsides—C | Apròcchiu fimminedda, Gattaredda | le | Co | R | |
| Centranthus ruber (L.) DC. | Valerianaceae | Ch suffr | Stenomedit. | Cliffs, old walls—VC | Baddariàna russa, Giummu di carrabbinera | le | Ra/Co | R | |
| Cerinthe major L. subsp. major | Boraginaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land, vineyards edges and olive-grove, roadsides—VC | Sucameli, Vrischi di api | le | Ra/Co | C | |
| Chamaemelum fuscatum (Brot.) Vasc. | Asteraceae | T scap | W-Medit.-Mont. | Meadows and uncultivated wet ground—C | Cacumidda, Pan’i cavaddu | t-s | Ra/Co | R | |
| Chamaerops humilis L. | Arecaceae | P scap | W-Stenomedit. | Limestone cliffs and slopes on garigue Coastal belt—VC | Giummarra, Scupazzu | t-s | Ra | R | |
| Chenopodium album L. | Chenopodiaceae | T scap | Europa E-Asia | Uncultivated ground, ruins, a weed of cultivations—VC | Erva fitenti, Inìsca | le, t-s | Co | R | |
| Chondrilla juncea L. | Asteraceae | H scap | S-Europ.-Sudsib. | Uncultivated land and dry meadows—VC | Curi î suggi, Cutulidda | le, t-s | Co | C | |
| Cichorium intybus L. var. intybus [100, 106] | Asteraceae | H scap | Paleotemp. | Roadsides, in uncultivated land and ruins, a weed also in gardens—VC | Cicòria,Cicoira | b-r, le | Ra/Co | VVC | |
| * | Cichorium intybus var. glabratum (C. Presl) Fiori [100, 106] | Asteraceae | H scap | Medit. | Mountain grasslands—NC | Cicòria,Cicoira | b-r, le | Ra/Co | C |
| * | Cichorium pumilum Jacq. | Asteraceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Ruins, uncultivated land—C | Nirvia sarvaggia | b-r, le | Ra/Co | C |
| Clematis vitalba L. | Ranunculaceae | P lian | Europ.-Caucas. | Sub-Mediterranean deciduous woods, hedges—VC | Liàra, Mutarva | t-s | Co | C | |
| Clinopodium nepeta (L.) Kuntze subsp. nepeta | Lamiaceae | H scap | Orof. S-Europ. | Dry meadows, uncultivated land, walls—VC | Nipitedda, Niputeddra | le | Ra/Co | C | |
| Crepis bursifolia L. | Asteraceae | H scap | Subendem. | Uncultivated land, dry meadows—VC | Ricuttedda, Rizzaredda | b-r, le | Co | C | |
| Crepis leontodontoides All. | Asteraceae | H ros | W-Medit.-Mont. | Forests, bushes, glads—C | Rizzaredda | b-r | Co | C | |
| Crepis neglecta subsp. corymbosa (Ten.) Nyman | Asteraceae | T scap | Subendem. | Uncultivated land, vineyards, roadsides—R | Radicchiedda | b-r | Co | R | |
| * | Crepis sprengelii Nicotra | Asteraceae | H ros | Endem. Sic. | Fields, meadows and hedges—R | Radicchiedda siciliana | b-r | Co | R |
| Crepis vesicaria L. subsp. vesicaria | Asteraceae | T scap | Eurimedit.-Subatl. | Uncultivated land, vineyards, roadsides | Cicoria missinìsa, Cicoria vessicaria | b-r, le | Co | VC | |
| * | Crepis vesicaria subsp. bivonana (Soldano & Conti) Giardina & Raimondo | Asteraceae | T scap | Endem. Sic. | Uncultivated land and roadsides—VC | Cicòria vessicaria,Cicuriuni | b-r | Co | C |
| Crepis vesicaria subsp. hyemalis (Biv.) Babc. | Asteraceae | T scap | Endem. Sic. | Uncultivated land, vineyards, roadsides—C | Luciazzi | b-r, le | Co | VC | |
| Crepis vesicaria subsp. taraxacifolia (Thuill.) Thell. | Asteraceae | T scap | W-Medit. | Uncultivated land and roadsides—C | Cicoria amara, Lattuchedda di lu Signuri | b-r, le | Co | C | |
| Crithmum maritimum L. | Apiaceae | Ch suffr | Eurimedit. | Maritime cliffs and reefs—VC | Erva di lu pitittu, Finocchiu marinu | le, t-s | Ra | R | |
| Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. cardunculus | Asteraceae | H scap | Stenomedit. | Pastures, uncultivated land—VC | Cardùn’i spini, Cacòcciuliddu spinusu | fl/infl, t-s | Ra/Co | VC | |
| Cyperus esculentus L. | Cyperaceae | He | Subcosmop. | Cultivated in marshes on the coast—C | Cabbasìsi di Trapani, Nziparèddu | ro | Co | C | |
| Daucus carota L. subsp. carota | Apiaceae | H bienn | Paleotemp. | Uncultivated land, roadsides, dry meadows—VC | Vastunàca sarvaggia, Pedi di gaddu | b-r, le | Ra/Co | R | |
| Daucus carota subsp. maximus (Desf.) Ball | Apiaceae | H bienn | Medit.-Asia | Uncultivated land, roadsides, dry meadows—NC | Cuda di gattu | t-s | Ra/Co | R | |
| * | Descurainia sophia (L.) Prantl | Brassicaceae | T scap | Paleotemp. | Uncultivated land, ruins, often near stables—R | Làssinu di sceccu, Mazzarèddri | t-s | Co | R |
| Dioscorea communis (L.) Caddick & Wilkin | Dioscoraceae | G rad | Eurimedit. | Woods, glads, hedges—VC | Spàraciu arrampicusu, Spàrac’i serpi | t-s | Co | C | |
| Diplotaxis erucoides (L.) DC. var. erucoides [100] | Brassicaceae | T scap | W-Stenomedit. | Fallow and uncultivated land—VC | Xiuri di morti, Ruca sarvaggia | le, t-s | Co | VC | |
| Diplotaxis harra subsp. crassifolia (Raf.) Maire | Brassicaceae | Ch suffr | S-Stenomedit. | Gypsum cliffs—C | Erva cavulàra, Cavulicèddi | le, t-s | Co | C | |
| Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. | Brassicaceae | T scap | Eurimedit.-Subatl. | Uncultivated land, ruins, road edges—R | Erva diàvula, Erva diaulìna | le, t-s | Co | R | |
| Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC. | Brassicaceae | H scap | Subatlant. | Ruins, uncultivated dry sandy ground—VC | Ruca, Arùca sarvaggia | le | Co | VC | |
| Echium italicum L. subsp. italicum | Boraginaceae | H bienn | Medit. | Dry mountain meadows—VR | Acchiàppa muschi, Lingua di voi | le | Co | R | |
| * | Echium italicum L. subsp. siculum (Lacaita) Greuter & Burdet | Boraginaceae | H bienn | Endem. Sic. | Uncultivated land and dry meadows—VC | Acchiàppa muschi, lingua viperina | le | Co | R |
| Echium plantagineum L. | Boraginaceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated dry and sandy ground along the coast and roadsides—VC | Lapazza, Lingua di voi | le | Co | R | |
| Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa (Mill.) Thell. | Brassicaceae | T scap | Eurimedit.-Turan. | Ruins, gardens—C | Arùca, Arùca sarvaggia | le, t-s | Ra/Co | C | |
| Erucastrum virgatum (J. & C. Presl) C. Presl | Brassicaceae | H scap | Subendem. | Ruins and uncultivated land, pastures—R | Sinapi, Càvulu sarvaggiu | le, t-s | Co | R | |
| Eryngium campestre L. | Apiaceae | H scap | Eurimedit. | Dry meadows on limestone—VC | Panicauru, N’zalata du diavulu, | le | Ra | R | |
| Fedia graciliflora Fisch. & C. A. Mey. | Valerianaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land, roadsides and in gardens—C | Peri ciocca, Lattucheddra di San Giuseppi | le | Ra/Co | C | |
| Foeniculum vulgare Mill. subsp. vulgare | Apiaceae | H scap | S-Eurimedit. | Dry uncultivated land—VC | Finucchieddu sarbaggiu, Finucchieddu rizzu, | le, t-s | Ra/Co | VVC | |
| Galactites elegans (All.) Soldano [100, 106] | Asteraceae | H bienn | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land, ruins, roadsides—VC | Spina janca, Cardunèddu fimminèdda | t-s | Co | R | |
| * | Gladiolus communis L. subsp. byzantinus (Mill.) A. P. Ham. [100, 106] | Iridaceae | G bulb | Stenomedit. | Cereal fields—C | Spatuliddra | st-j | Ra | R |
| * | Gladiolus communis L. subsp. communis | Iridaceae | G bulb | S-Europ.-Sudsib. | Dry meadows—C | Spatuliddra | st-j | Ra | R |
| Gladiolus italicus Mill. | Iridaceae | G bulb | Eurimedit. | Cereal fields—VC | Spatuliddra | st-j | Ra | R | |
| Glebionis coronaria (L.) Spach | Asteraceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Fields, vineyards, olive-grove, uncultivated land—VC | Sciùri di maju, Ciuri di cacamaiu | t-s | Co | R | |
| Hedypnois cretica (L.) Dum.-Cours. | Asteraceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land garigue, dry meadows | Erva cracchiola | t-s | Co | R | |
| Hedypnois rhagadioloides (L.) F. W. Schmidt | Asteraceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land garigue, dry meadows | Erva cracchiola | t-s | Co | R | |
| Helminthotheca echioides (L.) Holub | Asteraceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Hedges, road sides, dry meadows, ruins—VC | Spirèdda, Asparèdda | le | Co | R | |
| Himantoglossum robertianum (Loisel.) P. Delforge | Orchidaceae | G bulb | Stenomedit. | Dry meadows, garigue and small bushes—VC | Patatara, Gaddùzzi | bu, ro | Co | R | |
| Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagr.-Foss. | Brassicaceae | H scap | Eurimedit. | Ruins, uncultivated land, along the roads—VC | Làssimi, Mazzareddi | fl/infl, le, t-s | Co | VC | |
| Hyoseris radiata L. | Asteraceae | T ros | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated grassy ground, walls, slopes, stony paths—VC | Occhi di pirnici, Cicuriuni | b-r | Co | VC | |
| * | Hyoseris scabra L. | Asteraceae | T ros | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated dry ground, near the coast—NC | Cicuriuni, Erba duci | b-r | Co | C |
| Hypochaeris achyrophorus L. | Asteraceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land and dry meadows—VC | Costa ri vecchia, Cicoria lingua di jatta | b-r, le | Co | VC | |
| Hypochaeris cretensis (L.) Bory & Chaub. | Asteraceae | H scap | NE-Medit.-Mont. | Dry and stony slopes, mountain pastures—C | Cìtula duci | b-r, le | Co | C | |
| Hypochaeris glabra L. | Asteraceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated dry ground, pastures—C | Costi vecchia | b-r, le | Co | VC | |
| Hypochaeris laevigata (L.) Ces. | Asteraceae | H ros | SW-Medit.-Mont. | Cliffs, stony pastures—C | Razza | b-r, le | Co | VC | |
| Hypochaeris radicata L. | Asteraceae | H ros | Europ.-Caucas. | Sands, dry meadows, uncultivated land—C | Cicoria furfuciata, Sgàrri | b-r, le | Co | VC | |
| * | Iris tuberosa L. | Iridaceae | G rhiz | N-Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land, hedges, and olive groves—VC | Buttùni di jaddu, Castagnotto | ro | Co | C |
| Isatis tinctoria subsp. canescens (DC.) Arcang. [100] | Brassicaceae | H bienn | SE-Asia | Uncultivated land, along the roads—VC | Cavulu di carammu, Guàdu | fl/infl | Co | R | |
| * | Jacobaea erratica (Bertol.) Fourr. | Asteraceae | H bienn | C-Europ. | Wet and shady localities—C | Erva rapudda, Erva di San Giacumu | le | Co | R |
| * | Juncus acutus L. | Juncaceae | H caesp | Eurimedit. | Wet salt sandy ground, embankments, clayey ground—VC | Juncu, Junci di liari | t-s | Co | R |
| * | Kundmannia sicula (L.) DC. | Apiaceae | H scap | Stenomedit. | Dry uncultivated land, pastures—C | Pedi di nigli, Pitrusinu sarvaggiu | le | Co | VR |
| Lactuca muralis (L.) Gaertn. | Asteraceae | H scap | Europ.-Caucas. | Woods—C | Cardedda di muru | le | Ra/Co | C | |
| Lactuca serriola L. | Asteraceae | H bienn | S-Europ.-Sudsib. | Uncultivated land, vineyards, roadsides—VC | Lattuca sarbaggia, Lattùca spinusa | le | Ra/Co | C | |
| Lactuca viminea (L.) J. & C. Presl | Asteraceae | H bienn | Europ.-Caucas. | Dry and stony slopes—VC | Lattughèdda du Signuri, Evva di scussuni | le | Ra/Co | C | |
| * | Lamium flexuosum Ten. | Lamiaceae | H scap | NW-Medit.-Mont. | Stony ground, wet cliffs, scrubland—R | Nzinzili | st-j | Ra | R |
| Lapsana communis L. | Asteraceae | T scap | Paleotemp. | Broadleaf woods and fresh disturbed localities—C | Lassani ruci, Erva pi li minni | t-s | Ra/Co | R | |
| Lathyrus annuus L. | Fabaceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Fields, pastures, uncultivated land—C | Fasuolu sarvaggiu | t-s | Co | R | |
| Lathyrus sylvestris L. | Fabaceae | H scand | Europ.-Caucas. | Dry meadows, hedges—C | Cessavuoi, Fasòla sarvaggia | fl/infl, t-s | Co | R | |
| * | Leontodon cichoraceus (Ten.) Sanguin. | Asteraceae | H ros | Orof. SE-Europ. | Uncultivated dry ground, pastures, hedges—R | Cicuriedda | b-r | Co | VC |
| * | Leontodon intermedius Huter, Porta & Rigo | Asteraceae | H ros | Endem. | Limestone cliffs—C | Cicuriedda | b-r | Co | C |
| * | Leontodon muelleri (Sch. Bip.) Fiori | Asteraceae | T scap | S-Stenomedit. | Pastures and uncultivated wet ground—R | Occhiu di pinnici | b-r | Co | C |
| * | Leontodon siculus (Guss.) Nyman | Asteraceae | H ros | Endem. | Beech and Turkey oak woods—R | Lattughedda di muntagna | b-r | Co | C |
| Leontodon tuberosus L. | Asteraceae | H ros | Stenomedit. | Dry meadows, olive-grove, glades in scrublands—VC | Occhiu di pinnici, Lattughedda | b-r | Co | C | |
| Leopoldia comosa (L.) Parl. | Hyacinthaceae | G bulb | Eurimedit. | Fields, uncultivated dry ground—VC | Cipuddazza, Agghiòru niuru, | bu | Co | R | |
| * | Lepidium draba L. | Brassicaceae | G rhiz | Giamaica | Uncultivated land along the roads, ruins—VC | Aruchèdda, Erva pipirìna | t-s | Co | R |
| Lepidium graminifolium L. | Brassicaceae | H scap | Eurimedit. | Road sides, ruins—VC | Mastrùzzu sarvaggiu | t-s | Co | R | |
| * | Lepidium latifolium L. | Brassicaceae | H scap | Subendem. | Uncultivated dry barren ground—R | Erva pipirìtu, Erva mustarda | t-s | Co | R |
| * | Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. subsp. maritima | Brassicaceae | H scap | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated dry ground, cliffs, walls—VC | Qualidduzzu profumatu, Ciùri bbiàncu | t-s | Co | R |
| Lycium europaeum L. | Solanaceae | NP | Eurimedit. | Cultivated for hedges and grown wild along interpoderal roads—C | Spinasanta, Tammuscèddu | t-s | Co | C | |
| Malva cretica Cav. | Malvaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Dry uncultivated land—C | Marva | le | Co | C | |
| * | Malva multiflora (Cav.) Soldano, Banfi & Galasso | Malvaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Dry uncultivated land, fields, ruins—VC | Marva, Marvùni | le | Co | C |
| Malva nicaeensis All. | Malvaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Dry uncultivated land, paths, pastures—C | Marva, Marba | le | Ra/Co | C | |
| Malva parviflora L. | Malvaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land near the houses—C | Panicèdda, Pani-panùzzi | le | Co | C | |
| Malva sylvestris L. subsp. sylvestris [100, 106] | Malvaceae | H scap | Eurosib. | Wasteland piles of debris and rubbish—VC | Marva, Mavvàscu | le | Co | C | |
| * | Malva sylvestris subsp. ambigua (Guss.) Thell. [100] | Malvaceae | H scap | Eurosib. | Wasteland piles of debris and rubbish—C | Marva, Mavvàscu | le | Co | C |
| * | Malva trimestris (L.) Salisb. [100] | Malvaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Fields, uncultivated land and pastures—VC | Marva, Marvùni | le | Co | C |
| Moricandia arvensis (L.) DC. | Brassicaceae | T scap | S-Stenomedit. | Ruins, uncultivated land, often along the railways—VC | Càvulu sarvaggiu, Garòfalu sarvaggiu | le, t-s | Co | R | |
| * | Narcissus tazetta L. subsp. tazetta | Amaryllidaceae | G bulb | Stenomedit. | Meadows—VC | Narcìsu, Agghi porri | fl/infl | Ra/Co | VR |
| Nasturtium officinale R. Br. | Brassicaceae | H scap | Cosmop. | Still and running waters, banks—VC | Crisciuni, Scavùni | le, t-s | Ra/Co | C | |
| Notobasis syriaca (L.) Cass. | Asteraceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Fields, uncultivated land, dry meadows, roadsides—VC | Piscialàsinu, Lamànna | t-s | Ra/Co | R | |
| * | Onopordum horridum Viv. | Asteraceae | H bienn | NE-Medit.-Mont. | Uncultivated land, rubbish dump, covili—C | Napòrdu | b-r | Co | VC |
| Onopordum illyricum L. subsp. illyricum | Asteraceae | H bienn | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land, debris, near the stables—VC | Napruddri, Munaceddu | b-r | Co | VC | |
| * | Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. | Cactaceae | P succ | America Trop. | Dry localities and cliffs—VC | Ficudinia, Fikupali | fr | Co | R |
| Oxalis pes-caprae L. | Oxalidaceae | G bulb | S-Africa | Uncultivated land, gardens, fields—VC | Cannacitula, auriduci | bu, le, st-j | Ra/Co | C | |
| Papaver rhoeas L. var. rhoeas [100] | Papaveraceae | T scap | E-Medit.-Mont. | A weed of cereal cultivation, and ruderal | Paparina russa, Paparinazzu | le | Ra/Co | C | |
| * | Papaver rhoeas var. himerense Raimondo & Spadaro [100] | Papaveraceae | T scap | Endem. Sic. | Nitrophylous open sites—RR | Papaviru rosa | le, t-s | Ra/Co | R |
| Papaver somniferum subsp. setigerum (DC.) Arcang. | Papaveraceae | T scap | W-Medit.-Mont. | Pastures, walls and cultivations—NC | Paparina manza | le | Ra/Co | VR | |
| Picris hieracioides subsp. spinulosa (Guss.) Arcang. | Asteraceae | H scap | Eurosib. | Uncultivated land, roadsides—VC | Spireddra | le | Co | R | |
| * | Plantago afra L. | Plantaginaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated dry ground, pastures—VC | Erva d’i purci, Pisillìna | b-r | Co | R |
| Plantago coronopus L. subsp. coronopus | Plantaginaceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated dry ground, near the sea, salt meadows, reefs—C | Cornopiu, Erva di stidda | b-r | Co | C | |
| Plantago lagopus L. | Plantaginaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Dry meadows, uncultivated land—C | Cutidduzzi, Cuda di gatta | b-r | Co | R | |
| Plantago lanceolata L. var. lanceolata [100] | Plantaginaceae | H ros | Eurasiat. | Uncultivated land, roadsides, fields, vineyards, generally sinantrophic—C | Lanzafina, Centunèrvi strittu | b-r | Co | C | |
| Plantago major L. subsp. major | Plantaginaceae | H ros | Eurasiat. | Moist mountain localities drying in Spring—C | Centunèrvi, Pampina larga | b-r | Co | R | |
| Plantago serraria L. | Plantaginaceae | H ros | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated dry ground mainly on the coastland—C | Tuonachi, Chirchi di parrini | b-r | Co | C | |
| Portulaca oleracea L. subsp. oleracea | Portulacaceae | T scap | Subcosmop. | Fields, gardens, uncultivated ground—VC | Purciddana, Pucciddana | le, t-s | Ra/Co | VC | |
| Primula vulgaris Huds. | Primulaceae | H ros | Europ.-Caucas. | Broadleaf woods—C | Conterba siciliana, Sciuri a scocca | b-r | Ra/Co | R | |
| Raphanus raphanistrum L. subsp. raphanistrum | Brassicaceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Ruins, gardens, often also a weed of cultivations—VC | Razza ruci, Lapistra | le, t-s | Co | VC | |
| Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. landra (DC.) Bonnier & Layens | Brassicaceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Ruins and fields—VC | Mazzaredda, Razza | le, t-s | Co | VC | |
| * | Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. maritimus (Sm.) Thell. [100] | Brassicaceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Ruins and fields near the sea—C | Ràfanu sarvaggiu, Aràzzu | le, t-s | Co | C |
| Rapistrum rugosum subsp. orientale (L.) Arcang. [100, 106] | Brassicaceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated dry land, grazing, road edges—C | Sinàpa spagnola | le, t-s | Co | C | |
| Reichardia picroides (L.) Roth | Asteraceae | H scap | Stenomedit. | Maritime cliffs, uncultivated dry ground, walls, roadsides—VC | Caccialiepru, Curcita | b-r | Co | VVC | |
| Rhagadiolus stellatus (L.) Gaertn. | Asteraceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated land, fields, dry meadows—C | Raricchiu sarvaggiu | b-r, le | Co | C | |
| Ridolfia segetum Moris | Apiaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Cereal fields—VC | Finocchiu anitu, Finucciàzzu | t-s | Ra | R | |
| * | Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser | Brassicaceae | H scap | Eurasiat. | Muds, uncultivated wet ground—VR | Arùca sarvaggia picciridda | le | Co | VR |
| Rosa canina L. | Rosaceae | NP | Paleotemp. | Degraded scrubland, bushes, and hedges—VC | Giarrauta, Rosa sarvaggia | fl/infl | Ro | R | |
| Rosa sempervirens L. | Rosaceae | NP | W-Medit.-Mont. | Thermo-Meso-Mediterranean woods and scrublands—C | Rusidda spinusa, Rusidda di San Giuvanni | fl/infl | Ro | R | |
| Rubus ulmifolius Schott | Rosaceae | NP | Eurimedit. | Hedges, uncultivated land, coppice—VC | Amurèdda, Rivèttu | t-s | Ra/Co | VR | |
| Rumex acetosa L. | Polygonaceae | H scap | Circumbor. | Manured and mown meadows—R | Acitàzzu, Aureddùci | t-s | Co | R | |
| Rumex bucephalophorus L. subsp. bucephalophorus | Polygonaceae | T scap | Eurimedit.-Macaron. | Uncultivated dry ground mainly on the coastland—VC | Acitusèdda, Agru-duci cu’ fogghi picciriddi | t-s | Co | R | |
| Rumex crispus L. | Polygonaceae | H scap | Subcosmop. | Uncultivated and cultivated ground, ruins—C | Aùru acìtu, Lapàzzu | t-s | Co | VR | |
| Rumex intermedius DC. | Polygonaceae | H scap | NW-Stenomedit. | Uncultivated ground—R | Acitàzzu | t-s | Co | R | |
| Rumex pulcher L. subsp. pulcher | Polygonaceae | H scap | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated land, ruins, meadows and semi-humid ground—VC | Lapàzza, Lapazzèddu rizzu | t-s | Co | R | |
| Rumex scutatus L. | Polygonaceae | H scap | S-Europ.-Sudsib. | Limestone stony and uncultivated land—VC | Acìtula di sciara, Citulìdda | le, st-j | Ra/Co | R | |
| Rumex thyrsoides Desf. | Polygonaceae | H scap | W-Stenomedit. | Dry uncultivated ground—VC | Acìtura | t-s | Co | R | |
| Ruscus aculeatus L. | Ruscaceae | Ch frut | Eurimedit. | Thermophilous Quercus woods—C | Spinasurci, Scuparìni | t-s | Ra/Co | VVC | |
| Ruscus hypophyllum L. | Ruscaceae | Ch frut | Eurimedit. | Broadleaf woods, particularly Quercus ilex woods—R | Sparaci trona, Erva di trònu | t-s | Ra/Co | C | |
| . | Salvia officinalis L. | Lamiaceae | Ch suffr | N-Medit.-Mont. | Only rarely naturalized, and always in disturbed habitat—R | Sarvia | le | Ra/Co | C |
| Sambucus nigra L. | Caprifoliaceae | P caesp | Europ.-Caucas. | Wet woods, glades, hedges—NC | Sammùccu, Savùcu | fl/infl | Co | R | |
| Sanguisorba minor Scop. subsp. minor | Rosaceae | H scap | Paleotemp. | Dry meadows, garigue, uncoltivated ground—NC | Pampinèdda di campagna, Pimpinedda | le | Co | VR | |
| Scolymus grandiflorus Desf. | Asteraceae | H scap | SW-Eurimedit. | Uncultivated land, road edges—VC | Scòddi, Zammuri di campagna | t-s | Ra/Co | VC | |
| Scolymus hispanicus L. | Asteraceae | H bienn | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated dry and sandy ground—VC | Spina bianca, Scoddu | t-s | Ra/Co | C | |
| Scolymus maculatus L. | Asteraceae | T scap | S-Stenomedit. | Uncultivated clayey ground—VC | Scoddu, Scuoddo | t-s | Ra/Co | C | |
| Scorzonera cana (C. A. Mey.) Griseb. | Asteraceae | H scap | S-Europ.-Sudsib. | Clayey and marly ground—C | Benedìciti | le | Co | R | |
| Scorzonera laciniata L. | Asteraceae | H bienn | Paleotemp. | Uncultivated land, vineyards, dry slopes—NC | Erva di gnàgnaru pilusa, Scursunèra | le, t-s | Ra/Co | R | |
| * | Scorzonera laciniata subsp. decumbens (Guss.) Greuter [106] | Asteraceae | H bienn | Medit. | Vineyards, cultivation edges, ruins—NC | Latti di lepri | le, t-s | Co | R |
| Scorzonera undulata subsp. deliciosa (Guss.) Maire | Asteraceae | G bulb | SW-Stenomedit. | Uncultivated dry ground—C | Scursunèra | b-r, ro | Ra/Co | R | |
| Senecio vulgaris L. | Asteraceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated land near houses and a weed in fields—VC | Erva di li cardìddi, Mancialèbbri | le | Co | R | |
| Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke subsp. vulgaris | Caryophyllaceae | H scap | Paleotemp. | Uncultivated ground, meadows, scree—C | Aricchi i liepru, Erba du priricaturi | t-s | Ra/Co | VC | |
| * | Silene vulgaris subsp. commutata (Guss.) Hayek | Caryophyllaceae | H scap | Orof. SE-Europ. | Meadows among cliffs—R | Aricchi i liepru, Cannatèdda | t-s | Ra/Co | C |
| * | Silene vulgaris subsp. tenoreana (Colla) Soldano & F. Conti [100, 106] | Caryophyllaceae | H scap | Steno - Medit –Orient | Dune, reefs, and dry localities near the sea—VC | Calicèdda di muru, Campanèdda | t-s | Ra/Co | C |
| Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. | Asteraceae | H bienn | Eurimedit.-Turan. | Ruins, hedges, roadsides—VC | Carduggiu, Cardu marianu | b-r | Co | VC | |
| Sinapis alba L. subsp. alba | Brassicaceae | T scap | E-Medit. | Cereal fields, uncultivated land and ruins—VC | Làssani, Mazzarèddu | fl/infl, t-s | Co | R | |
| * | Sinapis alba L. subsp. dissecta (Lag.) Bonnier | Brassicaceae | T scap | E-Medit.-Mont. | Cereal fields, uncultivated land and ruins—NC | Sinacciòlu di linu | fl/infl, t-s | Co | R |
| Sinapis arvensis L. | Brassicaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Cereal fields, uncultivated land, ruins—VC | Alàssani, Sinàpa sarvaggia | fl/infl, t-s | Co | R | |
| * | Sinapis pubescens L. | Brassicaceae | Ch suffr | SW-Stenomedit. | Uncultivated dry ground, cliffs—VC | Sinacciòla, Sinàpa fimminedda | fl/infl, t-s | Co | R |
| Sisymbrium irio L. | Brassicaceae | T scap | Paleotemp. | Uncultivated land, ruins, gardens—VC | Approcchiu, Pisciacani | le | Ra/Co | R | |
| Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. | Brassicaceae | T scap | Paleotemp. | Antropophilous on debris and road sides—VC | Làssinu di sceccu, Mazzarèddri | fl/infl | Ra/Co | R | |
| Smilax aspera L. | Smilacaceae | NP | Subtrop. | Evergreen scrubland, holm oak—VC | Gratta culu, Stràzzacausi | t-s | Co | R | |
| Smyrnium olusatrum L. | Apiaceae | H bienn | Eurimedit.-Subatl. | Wet and shady uncultivated land, hedges, ruins and debris—VC | Làccia sarvaggia, Lisciànnaru | t-s | Ra/Co | VR | |
| Smyrnium perfoliatum L. | Apiaceae | H bienn | Eurimedit. | Coppice and uncultivated shady ground—C | Lisciandrèddu | t-s | Ra/Co | VR | |
| Smyrnium rotundifolium Mill. | Apiaceae | H bienn | S-Stenomedit. | Dry and sunny uncultivated land—C | Casese, Casesi | t-s | Ra/Co | VR | |
| Solanum americanum Mill. | Solanaceae | T scap | Cosmopol. | Fields, uncultivated land, ruins—VC | Amareddri, Pumarureddi niuri | le, t-s | Co | R | |
| Sonchus asper (L.) Hill subsp. asper | Asteraceae | T scap | Eurasiat. | Hoed fields, gardens, vineyards—C | Cardedda spinusa, Cardedda di scecchi | b-r, le | Co | VVC | |
| Sonchus asper subsp. glaucescens (Jord.) Ball | Asteraceae | T scap | Eurasiat. | Uncultivated land mainly near the sea—R | Cardiddazza, Cardinnastra | b-r, le | Co | C | |
| Sonchus oleraceus L. | Asteraceae | T scap | Eurasiat. | Fields and abandoned fields—VC | Cardedda bianca, Cardedda fimminina | b-r, le | Co | VVC | |
| Sonchus tenerrimus L. | Asteraceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Cliffs, fields, uncultivated land, urbn habitat—VC | Cardedda di muru, Cardèdda scucìvola | b-r, le | Co | VVC | |
| Stellaria media subsp. cupaniana (Jord. & Fourr.) Nyman | Caryophyllaceae | T scap | Medit. | Antropogen vegetation—VC | Centocchiu | le, t-s | Co | R | |
| Stellaria media (L.) Vill. subsp. media | Caryophyllaceae | T rept | Cosmopol. | Ruderal and a weed, human sites, gardens—NC | Centocchiu | t-s | Co | C | |
| * | Sulla coronaria (L.) Medik. | Fabaceae | H scap | W-Stenomedit. | Clayey ground—C | Sudda, Suddra | t-s | Ra/Co | C |
| Taraxacum campylodes G.E.Haglund | Asteraceae | H ros | Circumbor. | Hill and mountain meadows—NC | Tarassacu, Denti di liuni | b-r | Co | C | |
| * | Taraxacum caramanicae Lojac. | Asteraceae | H ros | Endem. Sic. | Open fields, disturbed habitat—NC | Tarassacu, Denti di liuni | b-r | Co | C |
| * | Taraxacum garbarianum Peruzzi, Aquaro, Caparelli & Raimondo [100] | Asteraceae | H scap | Endem. Sic. | Mountain open pastures—R | Tarassacu, Denti di liuni | b-r | Co | R |
| * | Taraxacum gasparrinii Lojac. | Asteraceae | H ros | W-Eurimedit. | Woods—C | Taràssacu | b-r | Co | R |
| * | Taraxacum minimum (Guss.) N. Terracc. | Asteraceae | H ros | Medit. | Mountain open pastures—NC | Cuddu cudduzzu, Cicòria sarvaggia | b-r | Co | R |
| Taraxacum obovatum (Willd.) DC. | Asteraceae | H ros | W-Medit.-Mont. | Meadows, road edges, disturbed habitat—C | Erba di pirnici | b-r | Co | R | |
| * | Taraxacum siculum Soest | Asteraceae | H ros | Endem. | Wet localities with stagnant water—VR | Denti di liuni sicilianu | b-r | Co | VR |
| * | Teucrium fruticans L. | Lamiaceae | NP | W-Stenomedit. | Limestone cliffs near the sea—VC | Alivedda, Caca aucèddi | b-r | Co | R |
| Thlaspi perfoliatum L. | Brassicaceae | T scap | Paleotemp. | Mountain grasslands—NC | Talaspiu | t-s | Co | R | |
| * | Tolpis umbellata Bertol. | Asteraceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land, dry meadows—C | Scalurèdda | b-r | Co | R |
| * | Tolpis virgata (Desf.) Bertol. subsp. grandiflora (Ten.) | Asteraceae | T scap | Endem. | Uncultivated land, dry meadows—NC | Scalurèdda, Erba janca | b-r | Co | R |
| * | Tolpis virgata (Desf.) Bertol. subsp. virgata | Asteraceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Uncultivated land and dry meadows—NC | Scalurèdda, Lattuchedda | b-r | Co | R |
| Tordylium apulum L. | Apiaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | Dry meadows, cultivated and uncultivated land—VC | Spiccialiccia, Tammuridduzzi picciriddi | t-s | Ra | VR | |
| Tragopogon crocifolius subsp. nebrodensis (Guss.) Raimondo | Asteraceae | T scap | Endem. Sic. | Uncultivated land, dry meadows, roadsides—R | Barbabècchi, Latti d’aceddu | le, t-s | Co | R | |
| Tragopogon porrifolius L. subsp. porrifolius | Asteraceae | H bienn | Eurimedit. | Mountain pastures—VR | Latti d’aceddi, Barbabecchi | le, t-s | Co | R | |
| Tragopogon porrifolius subsp. australis (Jord.) Nyman | Asteraceae | H bienn | Medit. | Uncultivated land, dry meadows, roadsides—NC | Erba di gnagnaru pilusa, Varva di beccu | le | Ra/Co | R | |
| * | Tragopogon porrifolius subsp. cupanii (DC.) I. Richardson | Asteraceae | H bienn | Endem. | Dry meadows, uncultivated land, roadsides and field edges—NC | Varba di vecchiu | le, t-s | Co | R |
| * | Umbilicus horizontalis (Guss.) DC. | Crassulaceae | H rhiz | Stenomedit. | Wet and shady cliffs, old walls—VC | Paracqua, Aricchia di vecchia, | le | Ra | R |
| * | Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy | Crassulaceae | G rhiz | Stenomedit.-Atl | Wet and shady cliffs, old walls—VC | Pampina di uricchia, Uriccieddi | le | Ra | R |
| Urospermum dalechampii (L.) F. W. Schmidt | Asteraceae | H scap | Eurimedit. | Dry meadows, uncultivated land, roadsides—VC | Cicoria sarvaggia, Cuosti i porci | b-r, le | Co | VC | |
| Urospermum picroides (L.) F. W. Schmidt | Asteraceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Uncultivated land, roadsides, olive-grove, vineyards—VC | Cardiddazza spinusa | b-r, le | Co | VC | |
| Urtica dioica L. | Urticaceae | H scap | Subcosmop. | Nitrophilous habitat, also in wood clearings and riverbeds—C | Ardìcula fimminedda, Lardìca sarvaggia | le | Co | C | |
| Urtica membranacea Poir. | Urticaceae | T scap | S-Stenomedit. | Ruins and nitrophilous habitat—VC | Addrìcula, Ziculièdda | le | Co | C | |
| Urtica pilulifera L. | Urticaceae | T scap | S-Stenomedit. | Ruins and nitrophilous habitat—VC | Ardicula masculina | le | Co | R | |
| Urtica urens L. | Urticaceae | T scap | Subcosmop. | In disturbed habitat, nitrophilous and often urophilous species—C | Ardiculèdda fimminedda, Ddìcula | le | Co | C | |
| Valerianella eriocarpa Desv. | Valerianaceae | T scap | Stenomedit. | A weed to sown lands, uncultivated land, pastures—VC | Gaddinedda, Per’i ciocca | le, t-s | Ra/Co | R | |
| Valerianella locusta (L.) Laterr. | Valerianaceae | T scap | Eurimedit. | Acid meadows—NC | Gaddinedda, Spezzaquartàri | le, t-s | Ra/Co | R | |
| Veronica anagallis-aquatica L. var. anagallis-aquatica [100] | Scrophulariaceae | H scap | Cosmopol. | Ditches, banks—VC | Crisciunèddu, Erva di tràcina | le | Ra | R | |
| * | Xanthium strumarium L. subsp. strumarium | Asteraceae | T scap | America | Ruins, debris, uncultivated dry ground—VC | Aggruppa cudi, Bardana minuri | b-r | Co | R |
| * | Xanthium orientale subsp. italicum (Moretti) Greuter | Asteraceae | T scap | N-Eurimedit. | Uncultivated land, ruins near the sea—VC | Aggruppa cudi, Bardana minuri | b-r | Co | R |
Asterisk indicates taxa used only in Sicily as vegetable
Ch frut fruticose chamaephytes, Ch suffr suffruticose chamaephytes, G bulb bulbous geophytes, G rad root-budding geophyte, G rhiz rhizome-geophytes, H bienn biennial hemicryptophytes, H caesp caespitose hemicryptophytes, H rhiz rhizomatous hemicryptophytes, H ros rosette hemicryptophytes, H scand hemicryptophytes scandentia, H scap scapose hemicryptophytes, He helophytes, NP nanophanerophytes, P caesp caespitose phanerophytes, P lian lianous phanerophytes, P scap scapose phanerophytes, P succ succulent phanerophytes, T rept reptant therophytes, T ros rosette therophytes, T scap scapose therophytes, Asiat. Asiatic, Atl. Atlantic, C- Central, Caucas. Caucasic, Circumbor. Circumboreal, Cosmopol. Cosmopolite, E East, Endem. Endemic, Eurimedit. Euri-mediterranean, Europ. European, Eurosib. Eurosiberian, Macaron. Macaronesian, Medit. Mediterranean, Mont. Montane, N North, Orient. Oriental, Orof. Orofitic, Paleotemp. Paleotemperate, S South, Saharo-Sind. Saharo-Sindic, Sic. Sicilian, Stenomedit. Stenomediterranean, Subtrop. Subtropical, Trop. Tropical, Turan. Turanian, W West
ab-r—basal rosettes, bu.—bulbs, fl/infl—flowers/inflorescences, fl-b—flower buds, fr—portion of the fruits, le—leaves, ro—roots/tubers, st-j—stem juice and flower juice (nectar), t-s—tender shoots, including aerial parts, tender parts, tender stems, young shoots)
bRa—raw, Co—cooked, Ra/Co—raw and cooked
cVVC—widely common, cited by more than 75% (n > 735) of the informants; VC—Very common, 50–75% (n = 490–735) of the informants; C—common, 20–50% (n = 196–490) of the informants; R—rare, 5–20% (n = 49–196) of the informants; VR—very rare, less than 5% (n < 49) of the informants