Table 2.
Univariate logistic regression of household characteristics with CHE (N = 5988)
| Household Characteristics | CHE | |
|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Equivalent household size | 0.97(0.83–1.14) | 0.736 |
| Household has under 5-years children [yes = 1; otherwise,0] | 1.22(1.00–1.49) | 0.048 |
| Household has elderly (60 years and above) population [yes = 1; otherwise,0] | 1.60(1.34–1.92) | < 0.001 |
| Household head is male [yes = 1; otherwise,0] | 0.90(0.72–1.11) | 0.334 |
| Settlement area is urban [yes = 1; otherwise,0] | 0.46(0.35–0.60) | < 0.001 |
| Literate household head [yes = 1; otherwise,0] | 0.51(0.39–0.68) | < 0.001 |
| Commute time to the nearest health facility is less than 1 h [yes = 1; otherwise,0] | 1.85(1.46–2.34) | < 0.001 |
| Households reporting at least one member with chronic illness [yes = 1; otherwise,0] | 2.48(2.04–3.03) | < 0.001 |
| Households reporting at least one member with acute illness and injuries [yes = 1; otherwise,0] | 4.68(3.64–6.01) | < 0.001 |
| Chronic illness ratio | 4.14 (2.89–5.77) | < 0.001 |
| Acute illness and injuries ratio | 6.49 (4.94–8.52) | < 0.001 |
| Expenditure quartiles | ||
| 1 | 3.02(2.24–4.08) | < 0.001 |
| 2 | 3.40(2.59–4.47) | < 0.001 |
| 3 | 1.16(0.52–1.64) | 0.374 |
| 4 | 1.00 | |
| Geographical belts | ||
| Mountain | 1.00 | |
| Hill | 0.66(0.45–0.98) | 0.040 |
| Tarai | 0.98(0.67–1.44) | 0.925 |
| Administrative regions | ||
| Central | 1.00 | |
| Eastern | 1.28(0.97–1.69) | 0.075 |
| Western | 0.94(0.69–1.29) | 0.718 |
| Mid-western | 1.14(0.83–1.57) | 0.398 |
| Far-western | 1.40(0.99–2.00) | 0.055 |
CHE is the dependent variable (CHE = 1 if OOP/CTP > =40%, otherwise CHE = 0)