Figure 4.

The vacuole as temporary store for sugars and carboxylates. A, Vacuolar transporters known to be implicated in delivering or releasing sugars and carboxylates. For ALMT4, refer to the stomata section. B, Knockout and overexpression of the Glc transporter TMT1 has a large effect on seedling growth (Wingenter et al., 2010). C, Overexpression of the vacuolar SWEET16 results in Arabidopsis plants that grow faster on soil (Klemens et al., 2013). D, Rice plants deficient in the vacuolar Suc exporter OsSUT2 exhibit retarded growth (Eom et al., 2011). E, Arabidopsis plants missing the vacuolar malate transporter AttDT have strongly reduced malate content (Emmerlich et al., 2003). F, The activity of the malate channel ALMT4 is completely inhibited by phosphorylation (Eisenach et al., 2017). FW, Fresh weight; ko, knockout; WT, wild type.