Figure 4.

Bioassay of the methanolic extracts and determination of endogenous phenolic materials. A, Evaluation of the effects of methanolic extracts from transgenic lines and wild type on the growth of V. dahliae. Photos were taken 3 d after the mixtures of methanolic extracts and V991 strain spores (mixed and placed at room temperature for 12 h or 24 h) were dropped onto potato-dextrose agar media. The mixture of methanol extraction buffer (5% methanol) and V991 strain spores (placed at room temperature for 24 h) served as the Mock. B, No-choice feeding assay to determine the effects of methanolic extracts from each line on cotton bollworm. Wild-type leaves were smeared with the methanolic extracts from each line, and recorded 4 d after cotton bollworm treatment. Values are the means ± sd; n = 4. C, Choice feeding assay to determine the effects of methanolic extracts from each plant line for cotton bollworm. The population size and leaf consumption of each leaf was recorded at 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after cotton bollworm treatment. Values are the means ± sd; n = 4. All of the leaves used in the no-choice and choice assays were from wild type and were smeared with the methanolic extracts from each line. D, Gossypol content in roots and young leaves. Values are the means ± sd; n = 9. E, Nar, Que, DHK, DHQ, DHM, and rutin content in roots and young leaves. Values are the means ± sd; n = 9. Statistical analyses were performed using Student’s t test. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01. All of the experiments were repeated at least three times with similar results. Bars = 1 cm.