Table 1.
Predictors of Awareness of the ACA and Application Assistance Among Low-Income Adults.
| Variable | Heard or read a lot or some about the ACA (n = 2794) |
Received application assistance from navigator/social worker (n = 1107) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted |
Full model |
Unadjusted |
Full model |
|||||||
| % of sample | OR | Pred. prob. (%) | OR | Pred. prob. (%) | % of sample | OR | Pred. prob. (%) | OR | Pred. prob. (%) | |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||
| Latino | 15.4 | 0.68*** | 38.5 | 0.69** | 38.8 | 13.4 | 1.06 | 40.5 | 1.75* | 49.4 |
| White | 62.0 | 1.00 | 48.0 | 1.00 | 47.8 | 62.2 | 1.00 | 39.1 | 1.00 | 36.4 |
| Black | 18.6 | 0.92 | 46.0 | 0.96 | 46.8 | 20.1 | 0.96 | 38.2 | 1.22 | 40.9 |
| Other | 4.0 | 1.09 | 50.1 | 1.09 | 49.8 | 4.3 | 0.74 | 32.1 | 0.88 | 33.6 |
| State | ||||||||||
| Arkansas | 33.4 | 0.95 | 43.4 | 35.8 | 1.49 | 37.3 | ||||
| Kentucky | 33.4 | 1.30* | 50.8 | 36.7 | 2.33*** | 48.0 | ||||
| Texas | 33.2 | 1.00 | 44.6 | 27.5 | 1.00 | 28.7 | ||||
| Age | ||||||||||
| 19-34 | 43.6 | 0.95 | 47.0 | 43.0 | 0.67* | 36.1 | ||||
| 35-44 | 19.8 | 0.84 | 44.2 | 21.4 | 0.72 | 37.6 | ||||
| 45-54 | 16.0 | 0.84 | 44.2 | 16.1 | 0.78 | 39.5 | ||||
| 55-64 | 20.6 | 1.00 | 48.3 | 19.5 | 1.00 | 45.4 | ||||
| Other demographics | ||||||||||
| Female | 57.0 | 0.98 | 46.0 | 64.3 | 0.99 | 38.7 | ||||
| Spanish interview | 5.3 | 1.24 | 51.1 | 4.9 | 1.12 | 41.3 | ||||
| Rural | 41.9 | 0.79** | 42.9 | 44.8 | 1.08 | 39.7 | ||||
| Education | ||||||||||
| No high school degree | 22.7 | 0.46*** | 37.3 | 22.6 | 0.99 | 37.5 | ||||
| High school graduate | 43.3 | 0.59*** | 43.3 | 44.2 | 1.11 | 40.2 | ||||
| Some college | 34.0 | 1.00 | 56.1 | 33.2 | 1.00 | 37.7 | ||||
| Income | ||||||||||
| Under 50% FPL | 31.0 | 0.80 | 45.1 | 35.6 | 1.02 | 37.1 | ||||
| 50%-100% FPL | 37.2 | 0.81 | 45.5 | 36.0 | 1.31 | 42.9 | ||||
| 100%-138% FPL | 24.3 | 1.00 | 50.6 | 21.8 | 1.00 | 36.6 | ||||
| Income missing | 7.5 | 0.66* | 40.5 | 6.6 | 0.84 | 32.8 | ||||
Note. Total sample size = 2801. Analysis of ACA awareness excluded 7 individuals who chose not to answer that item (n = 2794). Only respondents who said they had applied for Medicaid or marketplace coverage were asked whether they received application assistance (n = 1107). Unadjusted models controlled for race/ethnicity. Full models added state of residence, age, gender, Spanish language survey, rural versus urban residence, education level, and income as covariates. We calculated predicted probabilities from the logistic regression estimates using Stata’s “margins” command with default settings, which holds all covariates at their actual values. ACA = Affordable Care Act; OR = odds ratios from multivariate logistical regression; Pred. prob. = predicted probability; FPL = federal poverty level.
P < .10. **P < .05. ***P < .01.