Table 1.

Baseline Characteristics of Participants According to Diabetes Status (n=13,763), ARIC, 1987–1989.

	Diabetes mellitus
	No	Yes
Participants, n	12,376	1,387
Age, y	54.0±0.05	55.9±0.15
Female, %	55.8	54.1
African American, %	23.0	39.2
Height, cm	168.5±0.08	168.3±0.25
Current smoker, %	25.6	22.5
Pack-years of smoking	15.7±0.2	17.1±0.6
Hypertension, %	30.7	58.3
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L	1.4±0.004	1.2±0.012
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L	3.5±0.009	3.7±0.027
Peripheral artery disease, %	2.3	4.2
Medication use for diabetes, %	0	37.8
Diabetes-related factors
Metabolic syndrome, %	30.8	77.9
Fasting glucose, mg/dL	98.6±0.2	172.3±0.6
Fasting insulin, pmol/L	77.2±1.2	206.3±3.6
Leptin, ng/mL*	11.3±0.6	14.3±1.9

Values are mean ± standard error for continuous variables and % for categorical variables.

^*Available only for a cohort random sample (n=701).