Figure 37.3.

Schematic representation of two methods of cell-free translation. In the bilayer method, the extract and mRNA are separated from ATP, amino acids (AA), cofactors, and other buffer additives by the difference in density of the two solutions (also see Fig. 37.1). In the dialysis method, the extract and mRNA are contained within a dialysis membrane. In both cases, diffusion gives transfer of substrates, products, and additives between the extract and buffer.