Table 2.
The association between tobacco smoking and liver cancer with semi-Bayes (SB) adjustment in Jiangsu Study 2003–2010 (N = 9,944)
| Overall | Male | Female | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
||||||
| Variables | Case n=2011 |
Control n=7933 |
Adjusted OR* (95% CI) |
SB-Adjusted OR (95% PI) |
Adjusted OR* (95% CI) |
SB-Adjusted OR (95% PI) |
Adjusted OR* (95% CI) |
SB-Adjusted OR (95% PI) |
| Ever smoke | ||||||||
| No | 971 | 4241 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1040 | 3692 | 1.43 (1.20–1.70) | 1.42 (1.20–1.69) | 1.62 (1.33–1.96) | 1.61 (1.32–1.94) | 0.82 (0.53–1.26) | 0.83 (0.55–1.26) |
| Smoking status | ||||||||
| Never | 971 | 4241 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Former smoker | 229 | 671 | 1.88 (1.43–2.46) | 1.84 (1.41–2.40) | 2.19 (1.62–2.96) | 2.11 (1.57–2.84) | 1.00 (0.47–2.12) | 1.00 (0.52–1.94) |
| Current smoker | 703 | 2609 | 1.43 (1.19–1.73) | 1.42 (1.18–1.71) | 1.60 (1.29–1.96) | 1.58 (1.29–1.95) | 0.89 (0.55–1.46) | 0.90 (0.57–1.43) |
| Age at start smoking (years) | Pfor trend<0.001 | Pfor trend<0.001 | Pfor trend=0.200 | |||||
| Never smoke | 971 | 4241 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| ≥45 | 14 | 118 | 1.33 (0.65–2.74) | 1.25 (0.66–2.37) | 1.01 (0.28–3.56) | 1.01 (0.39–2.57) | 1.16 (0.49–2.79) | 1.11 (0.53–2.32) |
| 35–44 | 51 | 211 | 1.63 (1.00–2.68) | 1.54 (0.97–2.46) | 1.92 (1.06–3.47) | 1.74 (1.01–2.99) | 1.06 (0.42–2.67) | 1.04 (0.48–2.25) |
| 25–34 | 262 | 995 | 1.47 (1.14–1.89) | 1.45 (1.13–1.86) | 1.70 (1.29–2.24) | 1.67 (1.27–2.18) | 0.71 (0.31–1.66) | 0.78 (0.38–1.60) |
| <25 | 713 | 2368 | 1.40 (1.16–1.69) | 1.39 (1.15–1.68) | 1.57 (1.28–1.94) | 1.55 (1.27–1.91) | 0.70 (0.39–1.26) | 0.74 (0.43–1.27) |
| Daily amount of smoking (cig/day) | Pfor trend=0.008 | Pfor trend=0.002 | Pfor trend=0.584 | |||||
| Never smoke | 971 | 4241 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| <10 | 104 | 439 | 1.81 (1.31–2.50) | 1.76 (1.28–2.40) | 2.41 (1.68–3.47) | 2.28 (1.60–3.24) | 0.59 (0.26–1.35) | 0.68 (0.33–1.37) |
| 10–19 | 291 | 983 | 1.61 (1.26–2.05) | 1.59 (1.25–2.02) | 1.75 (1.34–2.29) | 1.72 (1.32–2.23) | 1.25 (0.66–2.40) | 1.20 (0.67–2.16) |
| 20–29 | 338 | 1311 | 1.25 (0.99–1.58) | 1.24 (0.99–1.56) | 1.40 (1.08–1.81) | 1.38 (1.07–1.78) | 0.88 (0.44–1.75) | 0.90 (0.49–1.67) |
| ≥30 | 149 | 483 | 1.41 (1.00–1.99) | 1.38 (0.99–1.93) | 1.65 (1.14–2.38) | 1.60 (1.12–2.28) | 0.34 (0.04–2.66) | 0.72 (0.23–2.29) |
| Duration of smoking (years) | Pfor trend<0.001 | Pfor trend<0.001 | Pfor trend=0.738 | |||||
| Never smoke | 971 | 4241 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| <20 | 118 | 309 | 1.49 (1.04–2.12) | 1.45 (1.03–2.05) | 1.57 (1.06–2.35) | 1.52 (1.03–2.22) | 0.84 (0.32–2.25) | 0.89 (0.40–1.98) |
| 20–29 | 239 | 520 | 1.76 (1.34–2.32) | 1.72 (1.32–2.26) | 1.99 (1.47–2.69) | 1.93 (1.44–2.59) | 0.58 (0.23–1.46) | 0.69 (0.32–1.48) |
| 30–39 | 275 | 940 | 1.30 (1.01–1.67) | 1.29 (1.01–1.65) | 1.41 (1.07–1.85) | 1.39 (1.06–1.82) | 1.08 (0.53–2.22) | 1.06 (0.56–2.01) |
| ≥40 | 306 | 1587 | 1.42 (1.11–1.81) | 1.41 (1.10–1.79) | 1.68 (1.28–2.21) | 1.65 (1.26–2.15) | 0.92 (0.48–1.78) | 0.93 (0.52–1.69) |
| Pack-years of smoking | Pfor trend=0.007 | Pfor trend<0.001 | Pfor trend=0.682 | |||||
| Never smoke | 971 | 4241 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 1–19 | 469 | 1418 | 1.65 (1.34–2.02) | 1.63 (1.33–2.00) | 1.88 (1.49–2.37) | 1.85 (1.47–2.32) | 0.80 (0.47–1.37) | 0.82 (0.50–1.36) |
| ≥20 | 412 | 1789 | 1.28 (1.01–1.61) | 1.27 (1.01–1.60) | 1.45 (1.12–1.87) | 1.43 (1.11–1.84) | 0.97 (0.51–1.85) | 0.98 (0.54–1.75) |
Adjusted for study area (Dafeng = 1, Ganyu = 2, Chuzhou = 3, Tongshan =4), age (continuous), gender (male = 0, female = 1, except for stratified analyses by gender), education level (illiteracy = 0, primary = 1, middle school = 2, high school and college = 3), marital status (in marriage = 1, single, divorced or widowed = 0), family income 10 years ago per capita (Yuan/year, continuous), BMI (continuous), history of raw water drinking (yes = 1, no = 0), history of mildew-contaminated food intake (yes = 1, no = 0), family history of liver cancer (yes = 1, no = 0), weekly alcohol consumption in 1990s (continuous, mL/week), HBsAg status (positive = 1, negative = 0) and anti-HCV status (positive = 1, negative = 0).