. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 8.

Published in final edited form as: J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2017 Nov 8;28(2):93–100. doi: 10.1038/jes.2017.23

Table 4.

Estimate volume (mL) of water swallowed per swimming event, by gender and beach type

	All	Females	Males	Freshwater	Marine
All Ages
Mean	44.4	32.0	57.3	35.4	48.3
Median	16.0	12.0	21.3	12.7	18.0
Standard Deviation	93.1	69.5	110.0	74.6	99.3
5^th percentile	1.0	0.7	1.4	0.8	1.2
10^th percentile	2.0	1.3	2.7	1.3	2.0
90^th percentile	104.7	76.0	140.0	84.0	116.0
95^th percentile	174.0	121.3	232.0	140.0	186.7
Children 6–12
Mean	63.2	61.1	67.3	53.0	67.7
Median	36.0	34.3	40.0	30.0	39.3
Standard Deviation	83.4	86.1	79.4	69.9	88.5
5^th percentile	2.8	2.7	3.4	2.4	3.0
10^th percentile	5.5	5.3	7.0	5.0	6.0
90^th percentile	150.0	146.1	161.0	126.2	160.0
95^th percentile	213.0	205.3	225.0	184.0	220.0
Ages 13–18
Mean	63.7	39.3	77.3	45.0	71.4
Median	27.0	17.3	34.7	18.0	32.0
Standard Deviation	83.4	60.3	122.4	79.9	115.5
5^th percentile	1.6	1.2	2.3	1.02	2.0
10^th percentile	3.1	2.1	4.0	2.0	4.0
90^th percentile	156.0	97.0	200.0	112.0	174.7
95^th percentile	254.0	150.0	304.0	174.7	280.0
Adults 19–34
Mean	29.0	19.8	40.1	21.9	32.8
Median	9.7	7.1	13.8	7.1	11.1
Standard Deviation	69.4	52.4	84.9	54.4	76.3
5^th percentile	0.7	0.4	1.0	0.4	0.7
10^th percentile	1.3	0.9	1.8	0.9	1.3
90^th percentile	66.0	42.9	95.7	50.0	76.0
95^th percentile	116.0	72.0	165.3	85.3	126.0
Adults 35 and over
Mean	29.9	21.0	42.9	22.6	32.3
Median	9.0	6.6	12.7	6.7	9.8
Standard Deviation	82.6	60.3	109.8	62.1	88.1
5^th percentile	0.7	0.4	1.0	0.4	0.7
10^th percentile	1.1	0.8	1.8	0.9	1.3
90^th percentile	64.0	44.3	90.0	47.6	70.5
95^th percentile	118.0	80.0	178.7	88.0	121.3