Table 1.
Number of studies and observations for the analyzed traits.
| Impact type | Trait | Number of studies | Number of observations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grain yield | Grain yield-all | 19 | 276 |
| Grain yield-single stack | 16 | 126 | |
| Grain yield-double stack | 10 | 92 | |
| Grain yield-triple stack | 3 | 36 | |
| Grain yield-quadruple stack | 2 | 22 | |
| Damaged ears | Damaged ears-all | 7 | 139 |
| Damaged ears-single stack | 4 | 37 | |
| Damaged ears-double stack | 3 | 42 | |
| Damaged ears-triple stack | 2 | 36 | |
| Damaged ears-quadruple stack | 2 | 24 | |
| Grain quality | Proteins | 3 | 6 |
| Lipids | 3 | 6 | |
| Acid Detergent Fiber | 3 | 6 | |
| Neutral Detergent Fiber | 3 | 6 | |
| Total Detergent Fiber | 3 | 6 | |
| Fumonisins | 4 | 20 | |
| Thricotecens | 4 | 22 | |
| Mycotoxins | 9 | 55 | |
| TO taxa | Diabrotica spp. (adults) | 5 | 99 |
| NTO taxa | Anthocoridae (adults) | 15 | 80 |
| Aphididae (adults) | 8 | 59 | |
| Araneae (adults) | 12 | 104 | |
| Braconidae (adults) | 4 | 105 | |
| Carabidae (adults) | 10 | 88 | |
| Chrysopidae (adults) | 9 | 53 | |
| Chrysopidae (larvae) | 3 | 7 | |
| Cicadellidae (adults) | 6 | 23 | |
| Coccinellidae (adults) | 17 | 164 | |
| Coccinellidae (larvae) | 4 | 9 | |
| Nabidae (adults) | 5 | 17 | |
| Nitidulidae (adults) | 6 | 50 | |
| Staphylinidae (adults) | 9 | 54 | |
| Biomass decompostition | Lignin in leaves | 3 | 4 |
| Lignin in stalks | 3 | 4 | |
| Stalk mass loss | 3 | 7 | |
| Residue mass loss | 3 | 6 | |
| CO2 emission | 3 | 8 |