Table. Baseline Characteristics of Patients Stratified By Early SCM Use.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall (n=9193) |
Early SCM User (n=647) |
Early SCM Nonuser (n=8546) |
||
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, median (IQR), y | 70 (67-74) | 68 (66-72) | 70 (67-74) | <.001 |
| Female sex | 4049 (44.0) | 335 (51.8) | 3714 (43.5) | <.001 |
| Nonwhite race/ethnicity | 1386 (15.1) | 71 (11.0) | 1315 (15.4) | .003 |
| Secondary insurancea | 5391 (58.6) | 374 (57.8) | 5017 (58.7) | .65 |
| Household income, median (IQR), $b | 45 129 (39 343-52 533) |
45 884 (39 821-53 686) |
45 023 (39 285-52 516) |
.06 |
| High school graduate, median (IQR)b | 86.4 (81.5-89.7) | 86.9 (82.7-90.5) | 86.4 (81.4-89.7) | .001 |
| Medical history | ||||
| Hypertension | 7194 (78.3) | 496 (76.8) | 6698 (78.4) | .33 |
| Dyslipidemia | 5951 (64.8) | 423 (65.4) | 5528 (64.7) | .74 |
| Diabetes | 2720 (29.6) | 184 (28.4) | 2536 (29.7) | .50 |
| Prior MI | 2623 (28.6) | 190 (29.5) | 2433 (28.5) | .60 |
| Prior coronary revascularizationc | 3425 (37.3) | 232 (35.9) | 3193 (37.4) | .42 |
| Prior HF | 1102 (12.0) | 65 (10.1) | 1037 (12.1) | .12 |
| Prior stroke | 882 (9.6) | 56 (8.7) | 826 (9.7) | .41 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 1768 (19.3) | 141 (21.8) | 1627 (19.1) | .09 |
| Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR) | 3 (2-4) | 3 (2-4) | 3 (2-4) | .86 |
| Chronic lung disease | 2985 (36.5) | 228 (44.9) | 2757 (36.0) | <.001 |
| PCP visit <1 y prior to MI | 7888 (85.8) | 571 (88.3) | 7317 (85.6) | .06 |
| In-hospital characteristics | ||||
| Transfer from another hospital | 3516 (38.2) | 262 (40.5) | 3254 (38.1) | .22 |
| STEMI | 3602 (39.2) | 265 (41.0) | 3337 (39.0) | .34 |
| Cardiogenic shock | 260 (2.8) | 13 (2.0) | 247 (2.9) | .19 |
| BMI, median (IQR) | 26.5 (23.3-30.4) | 26.1 (23.0-29.9) | 26.6 (23.4-30.5) | .22 |
| Creatinine, median (IQR), mg/dL | 1.0 (0.8-1.3) | 1.0 (0.8-1.2) | 1.0 (0.8-1.3) | .001 |
| Peak troponin, median (IQR), × ULN | 49.6 (10.3-240.0) | 45.0 (9.3-202.0) | 50.0 (10.5-244.3) | .31 |
| EF <40% | 1811 (20.8) | 119 (19.5) | 1692 (20.9) | .41 |
| In-hospital treatment | ||||
| Thrombolytic therapy (STEMI) | 358 (10.6) | 23 (9.7) | 335 (10.7) | .65 |
| PCI | 6273 (68.3) | 469 (72.5) | 5804 (68.0) | .02 |
| CABG | 688 (7.5) | 46 (7.1) | 642 (7.5) | .71 |
| Cardiac rehabilitation referrald | 6639 (78.9) | 478 (79.1) | 6161 (78.9) | .90 |
| Hospital characteristics | ||||
| Teaching hospital | 2176 (23.7) | 152 (23.6) | 2024 (23.8) | .91 |
| No. of beds, median (IQR) | 402 (260-596) | 402 (276-570) | 401 (260-602) | .69 |
| Geographic region | ||||
| South | 849 (9.2) | 63 (9.7) | 786 (9.2) | .48 |
| Midwest | 498 (5.4) | 31 (4.8) | 467 (5.5) | |
| Northeast | 2927 (31.8) | 221 (34.2) | 2706 (31.7) | |
| West | 4919 (53.5) | 332 (51.3) | 4587 (53.7) | |
| Rural hospital | 1571 (17.1) | 78 (12.1) | 1493 (17.5) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CHF, congestive heart failure; EF, ejection fraction; HF, heart failure; IQR, interquartile range; MI, myocardial infarction; NA, not applicable; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PCP, primary care physician; PTA, prior to admission; SCM, smoking cessation medication; STEMI, ST elevation myocardial infarction; ULN, upper limit of normal.
SI conversion factor: To convert creatinine to micromoles per liter, multiply by 88.4.
Secondary insurance indicates additional insurance coverage (eg, private insurance) as a supplement to Medicare.
Census data based on zip code of patient residence.
Includes both prior PCI and CABG.
Cardiac rehabilitation referral proportion includes only those who were eligible for this service.