Table 1.
Summary of Study Characteristics for Reports in Review
| Schizophrenia | Comparison | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample Characteristics | Mean | Median | Range | Mean | Median | Range |
| Number of Participants | 112.3 | 43.0 | 10–1457 | 282.5 | 43.5 | 9–8866 |
| Mean age (years) | 45.8 | 43.4 | 27–77 | 44.8 | 43.6 | 23–82 |
| Minimum age (years) | 27.1 | 21.5 | 14–67 | 26.7 | 23.0 | 11–64 |
| Maximum age (years) | 70.8 | 65.5 | 49–97 | 69.5 | 66.0 | 35–100 |
| Gender ratio (M/F) | 2.2 | 1.5 | 0.28–9.0 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 0.17–9.0 |
| Mean education (years) | 11.1 | 11.3 | 9–12 | 13.2 | 14.5 | 8–17 |
| Race (% Caucasian) | 56.8 | 56.3 | 0–100 | 58.6 | 61.8 | 0–100 |
| Mean age of onset (years) | 24.7 | 24.0 | 22–28 | — | — | — |
| Mean duration of illness (years) | 21.5 | 18.2 | 14–35 | — | — | — |
| Mean anti-psychotic dose (CPZE mg) | 538.7 | 512.0 | 222–759 | — | — | — |
| Biomarker categories (no. of studies) | 11 inflammation, 10 telomere length, 7 oxidative stress, 4 gene expression, 4 metabolic/vascular, 4 receptor/neurotransmitter systems, 1 testosterone, 1 BDNF | |||||
Note: BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CPZE, chlorpromazine equivalent; F, females; M, males.