Table 1.
Executive Function (EF) Components (Vigilance, Response Inhibition, Conceptual Flexibility, Working Memory) Predicting Clinical Domains
| Overall Psychopathology | Anxious Misery | Fear | Externalizing | Psychosis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||
| β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | β | p | |
| General EF | ||||||||||
| EF | −0.172 | .000 | −0.292 | .000 | −0.075 | .032 | −0.050 | .134 | −0.349 | .000 |
| Age | 0.255 | .000 | −0.138 | .000 | −0.114 | .000 | −0.111 | .000 | −0.198 | .000 |
| Sex | −0.094 | .000 | 0.326 | .000 | 0.315 | .000 | −0.076 | .000 | 0.067 | .000 |
| Race | −0.234 | .000 | 0.222 | .000 | 0.025 | .074 | 0.015 | .284 | 0.000 | .989 |
| EF×Age | 0.569 | .000 | −0.418 | .000 | −0.586 | .000 | −0.444 | .000 | −0.219 | .000 |
| EF×Sex | −0.425 | .000 | 0.913 | .000 | 0.683 | .000 | 0.391 | .000 | 0.582 | .000 |
| Attentional vigilance (ATT) | ||||||||||
| ATT | −0.08 | .085 | −1.007a | .000 | 0.605 | .000 | −0.086 | .152 | −0.394 | .000 |
| Age | 0.294 | .000 | −0.244 | .000 | 0.033 | .146 | −0.171 | .000 | −0.184 | .000 |
| Sex | −0.096 | .000 | 0.345 | .000 | 0.279 | .000 | −0.07 | .000 | 0.084 | .000 |
| Race | −0.212 | .000 | 0.17 | .000 | 0.011 | .481 | −0.02 | .143 | −0.012 | .416 |
| ATT×Age | 0.409 | .000 | 0.45 | .000 | −1.122a | .000 | −0.325 | .000 | −0.094 | .153 |
| ATT×Sex | −0.343 | .000 | 0.789 | .000 | 0.427 | .000 | 0.401 | .000 | 0.478 | .000 |
| Response inhibition (RI) | ||||||||||
| RI | −0.128 | .000 | −0.472 | .000 | 0.093 | .019 | −0.086 | .052 | −0.401 | .000 |
| Age | 0.291 | .000 | −0.203 | .000 | −0.118 | .000 | −0.143 | .000 | −0.236 | .000 |
| Sex | −0.103 | .000 | 0.319 | .000 | 0.311 | .000 | −0.060 | .000 | 0.062 | .000 |
| Race | −0.206 | .000 | 0.190 | .000 | −0.010 | .475 | −0.017 | .194 | −0.024 | .106 |
| RI×Age | 0.466 | .000 | −0.121 | .008 | −0.602 | .000 | −0.366 | .000 | −0.080 | .097 |
| RI×Sex | −0.407 | .000 | 0.835 | .000 | 0.598 | .000 | 0.375 | .000 | 0.544 | .000 |
| Conceptual flexibility (CF) | ||||||||||
| CF | 0.128 | .000 | −0.228 | .000 | −0.056 | .061 | −0.292 | .000 | 0.166 | .000 |
| Age | 0.223 | .000 | 0.147 | .000 | −0.019 | .000 | −0.092 | .000 | −0.045 | .000 |
| Sex | −0.067 | .000 | 0.238 | .000 | 0.220 | .000 | −0.145 | .000 | −0.014 | .167 |
| Race | −0.185 | .000 | 0.176 | .000 | −0.058 | .000 | −0.026 | .000 | −0.107 | .000 |
| CF×Age | −0.146 | .000 | 0.170 | .000 | −0.006 | .435 | 0.202 | .000 | −0.194 | .000 |
| CF×Sex | −0.007 | .305 | 0.067 | .000 | 0.038 | .007 | 0.017 | .124 | 0.014 | .229 |
| Working memory (WM) | ||||||||||
| WM | −0.282 | .000 | −1.294a | .000 | 1.167a | .000 | −0.196 | .006 | −0.547 | .000 |
| Age | 0.279 | .000 | −0.251 | .000 | 0.083 | .003 | −0.184 | .000 | −0.205 | .000 |
| Sex | −0.073 | .000 | 0.340 | .000 | 0.222 | .000 | −0.072 | .000 | 0.070 | .000 |
| Race | −0.228 | .000 | 0.123 | .000 | 0.052 | .005 | −0.018 | .203 | −0.035 | .032 |
| WM×Age | 0.583 | .000 | 0.680 | .000 | −1.567a | .000 | −0.228 | .000 | 0.065 | .389 |
| WM×Sex | −0.331 | .000 | 0.873 | .000 | 0.321 | .000 | 0.394 | .000 | 0.531 | .000 |
Note: Boldface indicates significant effects (p ≤ .001).
a
Though model estimation terminated normally, coefficients with absolute value >1.0 were possible due to non-positive-definite residual variance/covariance matrices.