(A) C12FDG fluorescence was increased in TNF-α treated amnion cells. SB203580 co-treatment inhibited this change, confirming this p38-mediated effect. (B) LPS treatment also increased C12FDG fluorescence to a lesser degree, which was also inhibited by SB203580 co-treatment. (C) Amnion cells exposed to CSE had the largest increase in C12FDG fluorescence. SB203580 inhibited change, confirming a p38-mediated effect. (D) Senescence-associated β-Galactosidase staining was shown in TNF-α, LPS and CSE treated amnion cells, confirming the C12FDG fluorescence results.