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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 23.
Published in final edited form as: Lab Invest. 2017 Oct 23;98(2):233–247. doi: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.118

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Two-component system for autophosphorylation of a transmembrane histidine kinase (HK). A sensor perceives an extracellular stimulus. The substrate for the His kinase is the response regulator, which becomes phosphorylated on a specific Asp residue. In bacteria, the response regulator generally has a common domain with at least two Asp and one Lys residue 51. HK receptors are homodimeric proteins, and both trans and cis phosphorylations have been reported.