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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Mar 21.
Published in final edited form as: J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2017 Dec 11;53(4):295–309. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1400793

Figure 2.

Figure 2

IL-8 and TNFα cytokine secretion by H441 and THP-1 cells, respectively, in response to cdPM and cdPM extracts. Human H441 (A and B) and THP-1 (C and D) cells were exposed to cdPM (A and C) and cdPM extracts (B and D) or medium alone for 24h. Treatments = 50 μg/cm2 (200 μg/mL) for particles and 12.5 μg/cm2 (50 μg/mL) for particle extracts. Control = medium + DMSO (0.1% v/v). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM (n=3) and are representative of 3 experiments. *Indicates statistical significance (*p<0.05; **p<0.005) relative to the control (one-way ANOVA). #Indicates difference (p<0.05) relative to other marked groups (one-way ANOVA with Tukey's HSD). Solid columns indicate cdPM from the FFB, and hatched columns indicate reference diesel.