Table 1.
Comparison of the pathogenic E. coli phenotypic virulence markers.
| Motility | Congo Red | Hemolysin | Embryo lethality assay | Serum resistance assay | PCR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost | Very Low | Very Low | Very Low | Low | Very Low | High |
| Ingredients | Very Low | Very Low | Very Low | Low | Very Low | High |
| Equipment | Very Low | Very Low | Very Low | Low | Very Low | High |
| Maintenance | Very Low | Very Low | Very Low | Low | Very Low | High |
| Labor | Very Low | Very Low | Very Low | Low | Very Low | High |
| Sample | Very Low | Very Low | Very Low | Low | Very Low | High |
| Speed | 24 h | 24–48 h | 24–48 h | 7 days | 24 h | ≤24 h |
| Automation | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Good |
| Sensitivity | Very good | Very good | Very good | Very good | Very good | Excellent |
| Specificity | Very good | Very good | Very good | Very good | Very good | Excellent |