Table 1.

The experimental plan to assess the probiotic effects of gut bacteria (isolated from Apis mellifera jemenitica) on honey bee larvae.

Experimental Group	Number of larvae (n)	Treatments (Day-I)	Treatments (Day-II to Day-VI)	CFU/mL (P. larvae spores/ gut bacteria)
C1	20	Normal diet only	NDT	–
T1	20	NDT + F. fructosus + P. larvae spores	NDT + F. fructosus	1 × 106
T2	20	NDT + Proteus mirabilis + P. larvae spores	NDT + Proteus mirabilis	1 × 106
T3	20	NDT + B. licheniformis + P. larvae spores	NDT + B. licheniformis	1 × 106
T4	20	NDT + L. kunkeei + P. larvae spores	NDT + L. kunkeei	1 × 106
T5	20	NDT + B. subtilis + P. larvae spores	NDT + B. subtilis	1 × 106
T6	20	NDT + E. kobei + P. larvae spores	NDT + E. kobei	1 × 106
T7	20	NDT + M. morganii + P. larvae spores	NDT + M. morganii	1 × 106
C2	20	NDT + P. larvae ATCC 9545 spores	NDT	1 × 106

Abbreviations:Negative control (C1); Positive control (C2) Treatment (T); Normal diet (NDT); colony forming units (CFU).