Table 2.

Mean (±SD) values and effect size of joint angles for younger and older adults during the stride cycle of locomotion using a non-pedal tricycle.

Joint angles (°)	Younger	Older	p Value	dCohen
Range of motion
Hip	25 ± 6	37 ± 4	<0.001	2.35
Knee	54 ± 5	48 ± 6	0.029	−1.09
Ankle	33 ± 10	29 ± 8	0.449	−0.44
Maximum hip extension	13 ± 12	3 ± 9	0.051	−0.94
Maximum knee flexion	59 ± 9	50 ± 5	0.025	−1.24
Maximum ankle dorsiflexion	14 ± 4	16 ± 4	0.277	0.5
Maximum ankle plantar flexion	−18 ± 10	−13 ± 7	0.511	0.58