Figure 2.
Differential modulation of osteochondrogenic differentiation marker expression in HAMSC treated with high phosphate or uremic serum. Cells were incubated for the indicated times in DMEM with increased Pi and Ca2+ (2.5 Pi) or in DMEM supplemented with 20% of control or uremic serum. Expression of the indicated osteochondrogenic markers (A–F; each individual marker is identified above the corresponding graph) was evaluated with qPCR. The expression of target genes was normalized to GAPDH. Results are presented as the mean ± SE (N = 3) normalized to expression under control serum conditions on day 2, except for (D), where data are normalized to day 0. Values were compared using a one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test. *Significant change vs. control serum; #significant change vs. uremic serum.