Table 1.

Partitioning (%) of pulse-labelled carbon (C) (mean ± SE) at different growth stages of wheat and barley.

	Plant age (days)	Growth stage	Shoots	Roots	Soil	Soil/(soil + roots)	References
Wheat	42	Tillering	70.9	17.6	11.5	39.6	Keith et al.25
Wheat	50		79.3	20.2	0.5	2.3	Gregory and Atwell24
Wheat	43		54.2	26.8	19.0	41.5	Palta and Gregory43
Wheat	49		80.8		19.2		Martin and Kemp44
Wheat	166		54.2	23.7	22.1	48.2	Swinnen et al.29
Wheat	37		53.7	43.0	3.2	6.9	Lodhi et al.45
Barley	49		60.6	37.0	2.4	6.1	Gregory and Atwell24
Barley	34		78.0	13.8	8.2	37.3	Jensen46
Barley	47		56.5	33.7	9.8	22.5	Swinnen et al.29
		Averagea	63.4 ± 3.6	27.0 ± 3.4	9.6 ± 2.6	25.5 ± 6.1
Wheat	23	This study	36.4	10.8	52.9	83.0
Wheat	77	Elongation	81.2	11.8	7.0	37.1	Keith et al.25
Wheat	71		75.2	23.4	1.5	5.9	Gregory and Atwell24
Wheat	51		53.7	27.4	18.9	40.9	Palta and Gregory43
Wheat	151		71.4	17.7	10.9	38.2	Swinnen et al.11
Wheat	193		91.3	6.7	1.9	22.2	Swinnen et al.29
Wheat	211		66.0	22.5	11.5	33.9	Qi and Wang47
Wheat	50		53.7	43.0	3.2	6.9	Atwell et al.28
Barley	67		82.4	13.5	4.1	23.4	Swinnen et al.29
Barley	70		89.2	9.9	0.9	8.7	Gregory and Atwell24
Barley	66		69.1	8.3	22.6	73.1	Jensen48
Barley	56		74.3	7.8	17.8	69.4	Jensen46
Barley	25		62.3	15.3	22.4	59.3	Zagel49
		Average	74.6 ± 3.2	15.4 ± 2.0	10.0 ± 2.5	34.7 ± 6.8
Wheat	173	This study	67.8	9.2	23.0	71.5
Wheat	133	Anthesis	97.0	1.1	1.8	62.1	Keith et al.25
Wheat	106		94.2	5.7	0.1	1.8	Gregory and Atwell24
Wheat	179		85.3	5.3	9.4	63.9	Swinnen et al.11
Wheat	60		79.0	16.0	5.0	23.8	Martin and Kemp44
Wheat	226		96.5	3.3	0.2	5.9	Qi and Wang47
Wheat	70		84.1	14.7	1.3	8.2	Atwell et al.28
Barley	101		93.1	1.0	5.9	85.3	Jensen48
Barley	86		86.1	4.6	9.3	66.9	Jensen46
Barley	40		66.4	9.5	24.1	71.8	Zagel49
Barley	105		82.3	1.8	15.9	89.7	Gregory and Atwell24
		Average	86.4 ± 3.0	6.3 ± 1.7	7.3 ± 2.5	47.9 ± 10.8
Wheat	194	This study	58.7	3.9	37.3	90.5
Wheat	154	Grain-filling	98.9	0.4	0.7	63.6	Keith et al.25
Wheat	120		94.2	5.6	0.2	3.6	Gregory and Atwell24
Wheat	207		90.9	2.1	7.0	77.1	Swinnen et al.11
Wheat	255		95.4	2.5	2.1	45.5	Swinnen et al.29
Wheat	239		86.7	2.0	11.3	84.8	Qi and Wang47
Wheat	86		94.7	4.7	0.7	13.1	Atwell et al.28
Barley	115		97.9	1.1	1.0	47.6	Swinnen et al.29
Barley	126		97.4	2.3	0.2	8.0	Gregory and Atwell24
Barley	124		98.1	0.7	1.1	61.1	Jensen48
Barley	105		88.1	1.9	9.9	83.6	Jensen46
Barley	55		72.6	6.4	21.0	76.5	Zagel49
		Average	92.3 ± 2.3	2.7 ± 0.6	5.0 ± 2.0	51.3 ± 9.2
Wheat	208	This study	74.7	1.1	24.2	95.6
Wheat	28 DALb	Whole growth period	73.5	22.0	4.4	16.8	Chowdhury et al.22
Wheat	80–90		89.0	2.3	8.4	78.1	Martens et al.34
Wheat	141		66.3	18.6	14.5	43.8	Butterly et al.33
		Average	76.5 ± 2.3	14.4 ± 2.3	9.1 ± 2.3	46.1 ± 2.3
Wheat	224	This study	69.0	8.7	22.2	71.8

^aData excludes that of Martin and Kemp⁴¹. ^bDAL, days after ¹⁴C pulse labelling.