Table 2.
Comparison of probing and feeding behaviors of Acyrthosiphon pisum in the NPF treatment and LTA control groups on broad bean seedlings based on EPG recordings.
| Tissue specificity | Parameters | LTA | NPF | P-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Mean [s] | SE [s] | N | Mean [s] | SE [s] | ||||
| (FROM INITIATION OF EPG TO REACHING PHLOEM) | |||||||||
| Epidermis | Time from start of EPG to 1st probe | 12 | 471.06 | 138.68 | 16 | 5017.38 | 2347.68 | 0.006* | |
| Epidermis and mesophyll | Time from 1st probe to 1st E | 14 | 11303.72 | 2802.33 | 18 | 15694.91 | 2452.20 | 0.488 | |
| All tissues | Time from 1st probe to 1st sustained E2 (>10 min) | 14 | 13065.92 | 2861.73 | 18 | 15822.80 | 2443.62 | 0.750 | |
| Epidermis and mesophyll | Duration of 1st probe | 14 | 2406.10 | 611.06 | 16 | 1542.58 | 988.46 | 0.193 | |
| Epidermis and mesophyll | Duration of non-probe period before the 1st E | 14 | 3931.79 | 1413.14 | 18 | 8967.41 | 2024.54 | 0.220 | |
| Epidermis and mesophyll | Number of probes to the 1st E1 | 11 | 7.37 | 2.15 | 10 | 9.80 | 1.71 | 0.173 | |
| All tissues | Number of probes | 14 | 12.21 | 2.54 | 18 | 15.11 | 2.71 | 0.488 | |
| All tissues | Total probing time | 14 | 24388.43 | 1434.09 | 16 | 18077.85 | 2020.70 | 0.028* | |
| All tissues | Number of short probes (C <3 min) | 14 | 6.00 | 1.70 | 18 | 6.39 | 1.74 | 0.955 | |
| All tissues | Number of C | 14 | 15.36 | 2.44 | 18 | 16.50 | 2.73 | 0.750 | |
| All tissues | Total duration of C | 14 | 8481.21 | 941.69 | 16 | 9034.27 | 1193.74 | 0.580 | |
| All tissues | Mean duration of C | 14 | 657.79 | 79.81 | 16 | 572.87 | 94.53 | 0.313 | |
| All tissues | Number of np | 14 | 12.57 | 2.62 | 18 | 15.61 | 2.69 | 0.442 | |
| All tissues | Total duration of np | 14 | 4411.57 | 1434.09 | 18 | 9530.80 | 1967.35 | 0.145 | |
| All tissues | Mean duration of np | 14 | 353.83 | 69.00 | 16 | 736.69 | 187.99 | 0.120 | |
| All tissues | Total duration of no phloem phase | 11 | 16039.60 | 1698.79 | 10 | 21669.38 | 1439.14 | 0.029* | |
| Epidermis and mesophyll | Number of F | 14 | 1.50 | 0.34 | 18 | 0.61 | 0.18 | 0.041* | |
| Epidermis and mesophyll | Total duration of F | 11 | 7485.14 | 1415.51 | 8 | 9173.89 | 1680.23 | 0.351 | |
| Epidermis and mesophyll | Mean duration of F | 11 | 4014.00 | 507.47 | 8 | 7750.93 | 1977.33 | 0.129 | |
| (RELATED TO PHLOEM ACTIVITY) | |||||||||
| Epidermis and mesophyll | Time from start of EPG to 1st E | 14 | 11707.48 | 2728.32 | 18 | 20154.81 | 2256.02 | 0.030* | |
| All tissues | Time from start of EPG to 1st E2 | 14 | 12785.54 | 2742.85 | 18 | 20208.83 | 2249.56 | 0.065 | |
| All tissues | Time from start of EPG to 1st sustained E2 (>10 min) | 14 | 13346.27 | 2792.28 | 18 | 20208.83 | 2249.56 | 0.099 | |
| Phloem | Number of E1 | 14 | 2.50 | 0.60 | 18 | 1.11 | 0.30 | 0.059 | |
| Phloem | Number of E2 | 14 | 2.21 | 0.52 | 18 | 1.11 | 0.30 | 0.091 | |
| Phloem | Number of single E1 | 14 | 0.29 | 0.13 | 18 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.180 | |
| Phloem | Number of sustained E2 (>10 min) | 14 | 2.00 | 0.51 | 18 | 0.83 | 0.22 | 0.054 | |
| Phloem | Total duration of E | 11 | 12760.41 | 1698.79 | 10 | 7130.62 | 1439.14 | 0.029* | |
| Phloem | Total duration of E1 | 11 | 293.03 | 58.00 | 10 | 187.79 | 26.48 | 0.223 | |
| Phloem | Total duration of E2 | 11 | 12467.38 | 1703.66 | 10 | 6942.83 | 1441.79 | 0.029* | |
| Phloem | Mean duration of E1 | 11 | 91.77 | 6.17 | 10 | 104.75 | 16.74 | 0.918 | |
| Phloem | Mean duration of E2 | 11 | 6327.05 | 1934.88 | 10 | 3882.93 | 934.09 | 0.349 | |
| Phloem | Duration of 1st E | 11 | 4181.95 | 2118.90 | 10 | 5629.70 | 1219.59 | 0.085 | |
| Phloem | Duration of the longest E2 | 11 | 8878.54 | 1882.41 | 10 | 5532.46 | 1225.23 | 0.132 | |
The data were statistically analyzed using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test:
*
P < 0.05.