Table 4. Adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores calculated depending on the remnants of adhesive on the zirconia surface after debonding.
| Group | ARI score | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | Median (Q1–Q3) | Mean ± SD | |
| CO | 9 | 1 | - | - | 0 (0–0) | 0.10 ± 0.30 |
| MZ | 10 | - | - | - | 0 (0–0) | 0.00 ± 0.00 |
| ZP | 6 | 4 | - | - | 0 (0–1) | 0.40 ± 0.49 |
| ZL | 7 | 3 | - | - | 0 (0–1) | 0.30 ± 0.46 |
| SU | - | - | 4 | 6 | 3 (2–3)* | 2.60 ± 0.49 |
Q1, first quartile; Q3, third quartile; SD, standard deviation; CO, control; MZ, Metal/Zirconia primer (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein); ZP, Z-PRIME Plus (Bisco, Schaumburg, IL, USA); ZL, Zirconia Liner (Sun Medical, Shiga, Japan); SU, Scotchbond Universal adhesive (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA).
*Statistically significant difference (Fisher's exact test; p < 0.05).