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. 2018 Feb 14;9:253. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00253

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Copyright © 2018 Rodriguez-Fernandez, Pujol-Autonell, Brianso, Perna-Barrull, Cano-Sarabia, Garcia-Jimeno, Villalba, Sanchez, Aguilera, Vazquez, Verdaguer, Maspoch and Vives-Pi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The uptake of PSAB-liposomes by dendritic cells (DCs) does not alter cytokine profile. Concentration (pg/ml) of IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1, and IL-10 secreted by DCs obtained from control subjects (white bars, n ≥ 3) and patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) (black bars, n ≥ 3). Bars represent immature DCs (iDCs), iDCs after the capture of PSA-liposomes and PSB-liposomes (PSAB-DCs), mature PSAB-DCs (mPSAB-DCs), or mature DCs (mDCs). MDCs were induced by culture with cytokine cocktail. Data presented as mean ± SD. Significant differences were found when comparing the different conditions in the same group of subjects (*p < 0.05, Wilcoxon test), and differences were not found when comparing the same culture conditions between patients with T1D and control subjects (Mann–Whitney test).