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. 2018 Feb 14;11:39. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00039

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Copyright © 2018 Madrid, Chopra and Alisch.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Humans and monkeys exhibit similar 5 mC and 5 hmC abundance trends. (A) Schematic of the standard genomic structures: 1,500 bp upstream of the transcription start site (TSS1500); 200 bp upstream of the transcription start site (TSS200); 5′ UTR; 1st exon; gene body; 3′ UTR; intergenic regions (top panel). Line plot of the mean beta value (y-axis) of 5 mC abundance from humans and monkeys (solid red and black lines, respectively) and 5 hmC abundance from humans and monkeys (dashed red and black lines, respectively) across standard genomic structures (x-axis; bottom panel). (B) Schematic of the structures in relation to CpG islands: North Shelf, North Shore, CpG Island, South Shore, South Shelf, Open Sea (top panel). Line plot of the mean beta value (y-axis) of 5 mC abundance from humans and monkeys (solid red and black lines, respectively) and 5 hmC abundance from humans and monkeys (dashed red and black lines, respectively) in relation to CpG Islands (x-axis; bottom panel). (C,D) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering results from 5 mC (C) and 5 hmC (D) beta values with human and monkey samples depicted in red and black, respectively (top panel), and the mean beta value (y-axis) from each 5 mC (C) and 5 hmC (D) sample (x-axis) (bottom panel).