Table 1.
Distribution of causes for hearing loss in infancy
| Environmental-50% | TORCH infection, ototoxicity, drug consumption, prematurity, other infections | |
|---|---|---|
| Genetic 50% | ||
| Syndromic 30% | Alport, Pendred, Usher, Wardenberg, KSS1, MERRF2, CHARGE, Norrie, Stickler, Treacher Collins, Perrault syndrome, BORS3, Jervell & Lange-Nielsen and so on | |
| Non-syndromic 70% | Autosomal recessive (70-80%) Autosomal dominant (20-25%) X chromosomal/mitochondrial (1.5%) | |
TORCH=Toxoplasmosis, other (syphilis, varicella-zoster, parvovirus B19), rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes infections
Kearns-Sayre syndrome
1
Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers
2
branchio-oto-renalsyndrome
3
The etiology of minor degrees of HL in the newborn period is not well perceived