Antibody response in macaques primed with DNA encoding SIVmac251 gp140 and SIVsmE660 gp145 and boosted with autologous protein. (a) Serum antibody-binding titres in immunized rhesus macaques against SIVmac251 gp140 and SIVsmE660 gp145, expressed as reciprocal endpoint ELISA titres. The results are presented as individual values for all four animals. The black arrows indicate the time of immunization. On weeks 0 and 4, animals were electroporated with DNA. On week 12, animals were boosted IN with envelope proteins and boosted again on weeks 18, 38 and 82 with envelope proteins by IM. (b) Quantitation of serum IgG antibodies specific for SIVmac251 and SIVsmE660 proteins in rhesus immune sera at indicated times post-immunization. In both panels, SIVmac251 gp140 is represented as an open square (□) and SIVsmE660 gp145 is represented as a closed circle (⚫). (c) Relative binding affinity of the immune sera at different times post-immunization to SIVmac251 gp140 as measured by bio-layer interferometry (kon, on-rate constant; kdis, off-rate constant; KD, equilibrium dissociation constant).