Figure 1.

Diagram illustrating eryptosis signalling. Injury to erythrocytes activates the release of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂), which, in turn, activates the Ca²⁺ cation channels increasing the influx of Ca²⁺ ions into the erythrocyte and activating Ca²⁺-sensitive scramblase. The latter causes exposure of phosphatidylserine on the cell membrane. All this leads to the formation of the characteristics of eryptosis including membrane blebbing and cell shrinkage. NO: nitric oxide, PAF: platelet activating factor, ROS: reactive oxygen species, COX: cyclooxygenase, PLA: phospholipase A₂, SCR: scramblase, and PGE₂: prostaglandin E₂ [adapted from [11]].