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. 2018 Feb 4;2018:3068365. doi: 10.1155/2018/3068365

Table 1.

Urinary stone matrix protein modulators of crystallization in nephrolithiasis [34, 41].

Serial Number Name of protein Role in crystallization
Nucleation Growth Aggregation Cell adherence
1 Nephrocalcin (NC) I I I
2 Tamm–Horsfall protein (THP) P I/P
3 Osteopontin/uropontin (OPN) I I I I/P
4 Albumin P I
5 Urinary prothrombin fragment-1 (UPTF1) I I I
6 Alpha-1-microglobulin I
7 S100A I I
8 Inter-alpha-inhibitor I I I I
9 Bikunin I I I I
10 Renal lithostathine I
11 Alpha defensin P P
12 Human phosphatecytidylyl transferase 1, choline, beta I
13 Myeloperoxidase P P
14 Nucleolin P
15 Histone-lysine N methyltransferase I I
16 Inward rectifier K channel I I
17 Protein Wnt-2 I I
18 Alpha-2HS glycoprotein P I
19 Crystal adhesion inhibitor (CAI) I
20 Hyaluronic acid (HA) P
21 Chondroitin sulphate I I
22 Heparin sulphate (HS) I
23 Human urinary trefoil factor 1(THF1) I
24 Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP 1) P
25 Annexin II P
26 CD44 P
27 Matrix Gla protein (MGP) I I
28 Histone H1B P
29 Fibronectin I I
30 Collagen P
31 Glycosaminoglycans I I I I
32 Citrate I
33 Pyrophosphate I
34 Magnesium I

I: inhibitor; P: promoter; “—”: no effect.