Table 2.

Values of the population attributable fraction (PAF) for heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and cardiovascular disease by gender and four risk factors in 2020–2024

Gender	Outcome	30% reduction in smoking prevalence	25% reduction in hypertension prevalence	30% reduction in diabetes prevalence	30% reduction in hyperlipidaemia prevalence
Men
	Heart disease	10.4% (9.0 to 11.7)	3.0% (2.1 to 3.9)	0.7% (0.4 to 1.1)	3.5% (2.8 to 4.3)
	Cerebrovascular disease	10.4% (6.3 to 14.0)	4.0% (3.6 to 4.4)	0.6% (0.1 to 1.1)	1.7% (1.3 to 2.2)
	Cardiovascular disease	10.4% (8.2 to 12.4)	3.3% (2.5 to 4.0)	0.7% (0.3 to 1.1)	3.0% (2.4 to 3.7)
Women
	Heart disease	1.6% (1.2 to 2.0)	2.8% (2.1 to 3.5)	0.7% (0.4 to 1.0)	3.2% (2.7 to 3.8)
	Cerebrovascular disease	1.6% (1.1 to 2.3)	3.5% (3.2 to 3.9)	0.5% (0.2 to 1.0)	1.6% (1.1 to 2.0)
	Cardiovascular disease	1.6% (1.2 to 2.1)	3.1% (2.5 to 3.6)	0.7% (0.3 to 1.0)	2.7% (2.1 to 3.2)