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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 19.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Neurosci. 2016 Feb 24;39:1–17. doi: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-070815-014038

Table 1.

Cannabidiol receptor targets with potential for modulating symptoms of motivational disorders

Receptor system Mechanism Potential therapeutic application References
eCB FAAH inhibitor Intestinal motility; augmenting eCB tone; addiction; depression Bisogno et al. 2001, Ligresti et al. 2006, Capasso et al. 2008, Leweke et al. 2012, Campos et al. 2013, Panlilio et al. 2013, Blanco et al. 2014, Chauvet et al. 2014
AEA uptake inhibitor Augmenting eCB tone; addiction; depression Rakhshan et al. 2000, Bisogno et al. 2001, Ligresti et al. 2006, Scherma et al. 2008, Gamaleddin et al. 2011, Leweke et al. 2012, Campos et al. 2013
Antagonist of CB1/CB2 receptor agonists Reduction of THC effects Thomas et al. 2007, Pertwee 2008
Expanded eCB GPR55 antagonist To be determined Pertwee 2007, Ryberg et al. 2007, Rahimi et al. 2015
TRPV1 agonist Schizophrenia; analgesia Costa et al. 2007, De Petrocellis et al. 2008, Santos et al. 2008, Terzian et al. 2009, Adamczyk et al. 2012, Heng et al. 2014
TRPV2 agonist Vasodilation Qin et al. 2008
TRPA1 agonist Analgesia De Petrocellis et al. 2008
TRPM8 antagonist Analgesia; prostate cancer De Petrocellis et al. 2008
Serotonin 5-HT1A agonist Addiction; anxiety; depression; schizophrenia Russo et al. 2005, Alex & Pehek 2007, Campos & Guimarães 2008, Resstel et al. 2009
5-HT2A agonist Addiction; schizophrenia Russo et al. 2005, Alex & Pehek 2007
5-HT3 agonist Addiction Alex & Pehek 2007, Xiong et al. 2012
Tryptophan degradation inhibitor Addiction; anxiety; depression; pain; inflammation Jenny et al. 2009, Ross 2009
Adenosine Adenosine uptake inhibitor and indirect A2A agonist Addiction; inflammation Carrier et al. 2006, Liou et al. 2008, Ferré et al. 2010
Opioid Mu-opioid ligand Addiction; pain Pertwee et al. 2002
Mu- and delta-opioid positive allosteric modulator Addiction; pain Kathmann et al. 2006
Dopamine D2 allosteric modulator Addiction Bloom & Hillard 1985
Dopamine transporter inhibitor Addiction; depression Pandolfo et al. 2011
Other GABAA positive allosteric modulator Addiction Long et al. 2012
Alpha-1 and alpha-1-beta glycine receptor positive allosteric modulator Pain; inflammation Ahrens et al. 2009
Regulator of intracellular calcium Epilepsy; neuroprotection Drysdale et al. 2006, Ryan et al. 2006
T-type calcium channel inhibitor Epilepsy; neuroprotection; pain Ross 2009
PPARγ agonist Vasorelaxation; addiction O’Sullivan et al. 2009, Enayatfard et al. 2013, Panlilio et al. 2013, de Guglielmo et al. 2014

Abbreviations: 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine; AEA, N-arachidonoylethanolamine; CB1 and CB2, cannabinoid receptor type 1 and 2; eCB, endocannabinoid; FAAH, fatty acid amide hydrolase; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; THC, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol; TRPA1, transient receptor potential cation channel A1; TRPM8, transient receptor potential cation channel M8; TRPV1 and TRPV2, transient receptor potential cation channel V1 and V2.