TABLE 2.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage (≥ 1 dose) among male adolescents aged 13–17 years in the United States, by demographic and access-to-care characteristics--NIS-Teen 2013
| Unadjusted | Adjusted | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Vaccination coverage (≥ 1 dose) | Vaccination with ≥1 dose, Prevalence Ratio (PR) | Vaccination coverage (≥ 1 dose) | Vaccination with ≥1 dose, Prevalence Ratio (PR) | |
|
| ||||
| Characteristic | % (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) |
| Total | 34.6 (32.7–36.5) | |||
| Age (years) | ||||
| 13–15* | 34.9 (32.5–37.5) | Ref | 33.2 (30.7–35.8) | Ref |
| 16–17 | 34.1 (31.3–37.0) | 0.98 (0.87–1.09) | 37.1 (33.6–40.7) | 1.12 (0.98–1.28) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White* | 26.7 (24.9–28.6) | Ref | 29.3 (27.1–31.6) | Ref |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 42.2 (36.8–47.8)† | 1.58 (1.36–1.83)† | 41.4 (35.9–47.1)† | 1.41 (1.21–1.65)† |
| Hispanic | 49.6 (44.5–54.8)† | 1.86 (1.64–2.11)† | 43.9 (39.2–48.8)† | 1.50 (1.30–1.72)† |
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | 38.6 (25.8–53.2) | 1.44 (1.00–2.09) | 41.2 (25.7–58.7) | 1.41 (0.92–2.15) |
| Asian | 26.3 (18.5–36.1) | 0.99 (0.70–1.39) | 24.6 (17.0–34.3) | 0.84 (0.59–1.20) |
| Other | 34.4 (27.8–41.7)† | 1.29 (1.04–1.60)† | 34.1 (27.6–41.3) | 1.16 (0.94–1.44) |
| Mother’s educational level | ||||
| <High School* | 47.0 (41.1–53.0) | Ref | 36.1 (30.8–41.8) | Ref |
| High School | 36.7 (32.3–41.4)† | 0.78 (0.65–0.93)† | 33.9 (30.1–37.9) | 0.94 (0.78–1.13) |
| Some college or college graduate | 27.9 (24.7–31.3)† | 0.59 (0.50–0.71)† | 29.4 (26.3–32.7)† | 0.81 (0.67–0.99)† |
| >College graduate | 33.1 (30.5–35.8)† | 0.70 (0.61–0.82)† | 38.5 (35.2–41.8) | 1.06 (0.88–1.29) |
| Mother’s married status | ||||
| Married* | 31.4 (29.3–33.7) | Ref | 33.0 (30.7–35.4) | Ref |
| Widowed/divorced/separated | 38.8 (34.8–43.0)† | 1.24 (1.09–1.40)† | 38.7 (34.9–42.7)† | 1.17 (1.04–1.33)† |
| Never married | 44.3 (37.9–51.0)† | 1.41 (1.20–1.66)† | 36.1 (30.2–42.4) | 1.09 (0.90–1.32) |
| Mother’s age | ||||
| ≤34 years* | 40.4 (35.0–46.0) | Ref | 38.4 (33.1–44.0) | Ref |
| 35–44 years | 35.3 (32.3–38.3) | 0.87 (0.74–1.03) | 34.6 (31.9–37.3) | 0.90 (0.77–1.06) |
| ≥45 years | 32.7 (30.1–35.5)† | 0.81 (0.69–0.95)† | 34.0 (31.3–36.9) | 0.89 (0.75–1.05) |
| Immigration status | ||||
| Born in U.S.* | 33.9 (32.0–35.8) | Ref | 34.2 (32.3–36.2) | Ref |
| Born outside U.S. | 48.6 (37.5–59.9)† | 1.43 (1.13–1.82)† | 43.5 (34.2–53.3) | 1.27 (1.01–1.60) |
| Income to poverty ratio | ||||
| <133%* | 44.2 (40.5–48.0) | Ref | 41.5 (37.3–45.7) | Ref |
| 133% – <322% | 29.8 (26.4–33.4)† | 0.67 (0.58–0.78)† | 31.0 (27.8–34.3)† | 0.75 (0.64–0.87)† |
| 322% – <503% | 25.9 (22.8–29.3)† | 0.59 (0.50–0.68)† | 28.2 (24.5–32.2)† | 0.68 (0.56–0.82)† |
| >503% | 32.8 (29.4–36.5)† | 0.74 (0.65–0.85)† | 33.9 (29.9–38.1)† | 0.82 (0.68–0.98)† |
| Medical insurance | ||||
| Private insurance only* | 29.6 (27.2–32.2) | Ref | 33.9 (30.9–37.1) | Ref |
| VFC Eligible-Medicaid/IHS/AIAN(All) | 39.5 (36.4–42.6)† | 1.33 (1.19–1.50)† | 35.8 (33.0–38.8) | 1.06 (0.93–1.20) |
| VFC Eligible-Uninsured | 32.8 (25.2–41.4) | 1.11 (0.85–1.44) | 31.7 (24.5–39.9) | 0.94 (0.72–1.22) |
| SCHIP(Public) | 42.0 (32.5–52.1)† | 1.42 (1.10–1.82)† | 40.4 (31.3–50.2) | 1.19 (0.92–1.53) |
| Military | 28.6 (20.9–37.8) | 0.96 (0.71–1.31) | 33.4 (25.0–42.9) | 0.98 (0.74–1.30) |
| Other | --‡ | --‡ | --‡ | --‡ |
| Physician contacts within past year | ||||
| None* | 28.7 (24.3–33.6) | Ref | 28.0 (24.0–32.4) | Ref |
| 1 | 33.9 (30.6–37.4) | 1.18 (0.98–1.43) | 34.1 (31.0–37.4)† | 1.22 (1.02–1.45)† |
| 2–3 | 39.6 (36.2–43.0)† | 1.38 (1.15–1.65)† | 39.7 (36.7–42.8)† | 1.42 (1.20–1.68)† |
| ≥4 | 32.5 (29.0–36.2) | 1.13 (0.93–1.38) | 32.7 (29.1–36.5) | 1.17 (0.97–1.41) |
| Well-child visit at age 11–12 years | ||||
| Yes | 39.9 (36.6–43.2)† | 1.55 (1.32–1.83)† | 39.8 (36.6–43.2)† | 1.40 (1.20–1.64)† |
| No* | 25.7 (22.2–29.5) | Ref | 28.4 (24.6–32.6) | Ref |
| Not Liciensed§ | 32.4 (28.9–36.1)† | 1.26 (1.05–1.51)† | 31.4 (27.1–36.0) | 1.10 (0.90–1.36) |
| Don’t know | 35.4 (31.3–39.7)† | 1.38 (1.15–1.66)† | 34.7 (31.0–38.6)† | 1.22 (1.03–1.45)† |
| Number of providers | ||||
| 1 | 35.6 (33.0–38.3)† | 1.19 (1.01–1.39)† | 36.4 (33.7–39.2)† | 1.23 (1.04–1.45)† |
| 2 | 36.2 (32.6–39.8)† | 1.20 (1.01–1.43)† | 35.2 (32.1–38.5)† | 1.18 (1.01–1.39)† |
| ≥3* | 30.0 (26.0–34.4) | Ref | 29.7 (25.7–34.1) | Ref |
| Metropolitan statistical area (MSA) | ||||
| Urban area | 40.1 (37.0–43.2)† | 1.73 (1.49–2.02)† | 37.9 (35.1–40.8)† | 1.40 (1.20–1.62)† |
| Suburban area | 33.4 (30.5–36.3)† | 1.44 (1.23–1.69)† | 33.9 (31.1–36.9)† | 1.25 (1.08–1.45)† |
| Rural area* | 23.1 (20.2–26.3) | Ref | 27.2 (23.7–30.9) | Ref |
| Region | ||||
| Northeast | 42.2 (38.8–45.6) | 1.00 (0.86–1.17) | 42.2 (38.8–45.8) | 1.06 (0.91–1.22) |
| Midwest | 27.8 (25.1–30.6)† | 0.66 (0.56–0.78)† | 31.1 (28.2–34.2)† | 0.78 (0.67–0.90)† |
| South | 30.4 (27.8–33.2)† | 0.72 (0.62–0.85)† | 29.8 (27.2–32.5)† | 0.75 (0.64–0.86)† |
| West* | 42.0 (36.7–47.5) | Ref | 40.0 (35.3–44.8) | Ref |
| Facility type | ||||
| All private facilities* | 34.4 (31.9–37.1) | Ref | 33.4 (30.8–36.0) | Ref |
| All public facilities | 33.1 (27.9–38.8) | 0.96 (0.80–1.15) | 31.5 (26.7–36.7) | 0.94 (0.79–1.13) |
| All hospital facilities | 38.5 (32.3–45.1) | 1.12 (0.93–1.34) | 37.3 (31.6–43.3) | 1.12 (0.94–1.32) |
| All STD/school/teen clinics or other facilities | 15.8 (9.6–25.1)† | 0.46 (0.28–0.75)† | 13.6 (7.8–22.7)† | 0.41 (0.24–0.70)† |
| Mixed|| | 36.9 (33.0–41.0) | 1.07 (0.94–1.22) | 41.3 (37.2–45.5)† | 1.24 (1.09–1.41)† |
| Other¶ | 28.4 (16.6–44.0) | 0.82 (0.50–1.35) | 43.0 (27.1–60.4) | 1.29 (0.86–1.94) |
*
Reference level.
†
p value < 0.05 by t test for comparisons within each variable with the indicated reference level.
‡
Estimate may not be reliable due to relative standard error > 30% or sample size < 30.
§
This indicated that the adolescents were ≥13 years of age when HPV vaccination was recommended in 2006.
||
Mixed indicates that the facility is identified to be in more than one of the facility categories such as private, public, hospital, STD/school/teen clinics.
¶
Includes military, WIC clinics, and pharmacies.