Fig. 1.

In vitro effect of estrogen on tumorigenic properties of CCA cell lines. Cell proliferation of a KKU-213 and b KKU139 in response to E2 and/or TAM treatment in vitro. Cell numbers were measured on days 2, 4 and 6 and were calculated using an MTS standard for each cell line. Arrows indicate the variables compared for statistical significance. c In vitro invasion assay of KKU-213 and KKU-139 CCA cells stimulated by E2 and/or TAM. Experiments were performed as triplicated experiments. Symbol * and ** determined statistically significant difference compared to untreated control group with P < 0.05 and < 0.001, respectively. Symbol # and ## determined statistically significant difference compared to E2 treated group with P < 0.05 and < 0.001, respectively