Table 2.
Association of biological, socioeconomic, and environmental characteristics with measles in case parishes during the 2011–2012 measles outbreak in Ecuador
| OR (95%CI)a | OR (95%CI)b | |
|---|---|---|
| Biological | ||
| Children under 1 year of age (% population) | ||
| < 3 | 1.00 | 1.00b |
| ≥ 3 | 2.64 (1.14–6.14) | 2.50 (0.99–6.34) |
| P value | 0.024 | 0.053 |
| Socioeconomic | ||
| Head-of-household educational attainment (years) | ||
| ≥ 8 | 1.00 | 1.00 b |
| < 8 | 0.18 (0.10–0.31) | 0.29 (0.15–0.57) |
| P value | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Quartiles of the number of internal migrants | ||
| < 81 | 1.00 | 1.00b |
| 81–198 | 1.16 (0.41–3.24) | 1.07 (0.38–3.05) |
| 199–587 | 1.75 (0.68–4.52) | 1.44 (0.53–3.87) |
| ≥ 588 | 3.88 (1.64–9.15) | 2.56 (0.96–6.85) |
| P value | 0.002 | 0.161 |
| Environmental | ||
| Percent indigenous population | ||
| < 1.4 | 1.00 | 1.00b |
| ≥ 1.4 | 3.97 (2.01–7.81) | 3.29 (1.63–6.68) |
| P value | < 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Parish setting | ||
| Rural | 1.00 | 1.00c |
| Urban | 3.10 (1.76–5.48) | 1.77 (0.84–3.76) |
| P value | < 0.001 | 0.135 |
| Crowding (%) | ||
| < 14 | 1.00 | 1.00d |
| 14–20 | 0.29 (0.13–0.66) | 0.34 (0.15–0.80) |
| 21–26 | 0.31 (0.13–0.72) | 0.49 (0.19–1.21) |
| ≥ 27 | 0.44 (0.21–0.90) | 0.46 (0.17–1.24) |
| P value | 0.003 | 0.060 |
aNon-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI)
bOdds ratio adjusted for children under 1 year of age, educational attainment of head of household, internal migration, and % indigenous population
cOdds ratio adjusted for the variables listed in b plus crowding
dOdds ratio adjusted for the variables listed in b plus parish setting
Please see footnote of Table 1 for variables definitions