Table II.
Primer pairs used for quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis.
| Gene | Primer sequence (5′-3′) | Annealing temperature (°C) | Product size (bp) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type I collagen | Forward: GGCGGCCAGGGCTCCGACCC | ||
| Reverse: AATTCCTGGTCTGGGGCACC | 60 | 319 | |
| Type III collagen | Forward: TGGTGTTGGAGCCGCTGCCA | ||
| Reverse: CTCAGCACTAGAATCTGTCC | 60 | 346 | |
| Fibronectin | Forward: GCCACTGGAGTCTTTACCACA | ||
| Reverse: CCTCGGTGTTGTAAGGTGGA | 58 | 61 | |
| α-SMA | Forward: CATCATGCGTCTGGATCTGG | ||
| Reverse: GGACAATCTCACGCTCAGCA | 60 | 107 | |
| CTGF | Forward: ACAAGGGCCTCTTCTGTGACTT | ||
| Reverse: GGTACACCGTACCACCGAAGAT | 60 | 102 | |
| IFN-γ | Forward: TGCAGGTCATTCAGATGTAGCGGA | ||
| Reverse: TGTCTTCCTTGATGGTCTCCACACTC | 60 | 182 | |
| TGF-β1 | Forward: GAAGTGGATCCACGAGCCCAAG | ||
| Reverse: GCTGCACTTGCAGGAGCGCAC | 60 | 227 | |
| TGF-β3 | Forward: GGTTTTCCGCTTCAATGTGT | ||
| Reverse: GCTCGATCCTCTGCTCATTC | 60 | 119 | |
| VEGF | Forward: ACGAAGTGGTGAAGTTCATGGAA | ||
| Reverse: AAGATGTCCACCAAGGTCTCGAT | 60 | 73 | |
| PAI-1 | Forward: TCATCATCAATGACTGGGTGAAGAC | ||
| Reverse: TTCCACTGGCCGTTGAAGTAGAG | 60 | 127 | |
| Smad-7 | Forward: GTGGCATACTGGGAGGAGAA | ||
| Reverse: GATGGAGAAACCAGGGAACA | 60 | 309 | |
| MMP-1 | Forward: GGAGCTGTAGATGTCCTTGGGGT | ||
| Reverse: GCCACAACTGCCAAATGGGCTT | 60 | 139 | |
| MMP-3 | Forward: AGGACAAAGCAGGATCACAGTTG | ||
| Reverse: CCTGGTACCCACGGAACCT | 58 | 68 | |
| GAPDH | Forward: TCACCATCTTCCAGGAGCG | ||
| Reverse: CTGCTTCACCACCTTCTTGA | 60 | 572 |
α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin; CTGF, connective tissue growth factor; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β.