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. 2018 Jan 10;41(3):1608–1618. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3378

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Treatment with C3G suppresses HG-induced apoptosis in HK-2 cells. HK-2 cells were incubated with NG (5.6 mM), NG + 24.4 mM M, M + C3G (50 μM, M + C3G), HG (30 mM) and HG + C3G (50 μM, HG + C3G) for 48 h. (A) Apoptosis was determined via flow cytometry. C3G was revealed to significantly suppress HG-induced cell apoptosis. (B) Expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax were determined using western blotting. The relative intensity of the cleaved caspase-3 band was normalized to the caspase-3 band. Normalization of Bax and Bcl-2 against β-actin was performed prior to the determination of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. C3G treatment significantly suppressed HG-induced expression of cleaved caspase-3 and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. (C) Western blot analysis of cyt c in cytosolic fractions of HK-2 cells. The relative intensity of cyt c was normalized to β-actin. Cyt c expression in the cytosol fraction was enhanced following exposure of HK-2 cells to HG for 48 h; however, this effect was significantly attenuated by treatment with C3G. Values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (n=6). **P<0.01 vs. NG; #P<0.05 and ##P<0.01 vs. HG. HG, high glucose; NG, no glucose; M, mannitol; C3G, cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside chloride; cyt c, cytochrome c; Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma-2; Bax, Bcl-2-associated X protein.