BMDMs derived from Wt B6 and LysMCreTraf6fl/fl mice were stimulated with LPS and IFN-γ for M1 polarization, or stimulated with IL-4 and IL-13 for M2 polarization. Non-polarized BMDMs (M0) were used as controls. (A) NOS2 protein expression in macrophages at indicated time points after initial stimulation with LPS and IFN-γ. (B) Nos2, Tnfa, and Il1b gene expression in macrophages at 24 h after initial stimulation with LPS and IFN-γ. (C) Arg1 protein expression in macrophages at indicated time points after initial stimulation with IL-4 and IL-13. (D) Arg1, CD206, and Chi3l3 gene expression in macrophages at 24 h after initial stimulation with IL-4 and IL-13. Data are representative of three independent experiments. Data are mean ± s.e.m. ** p<0.01; unpaired student's t-test.