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. 2018 Feb 20;8:3364. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-21723-0

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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GeNorm calculation of pairwise variation analysis for choosing the optimal number of reference genes required for normalization, with a sequentially increasing number of genes. QLD: only QLD population evaluation result; SA: only SA population; Both: combined QLD and SA population. (A) value < 0.15 indicates that the additional reference gene would not dramatically affect the normalization.