DnaJ-ΔA146Ply induces DC maturation via TLR4 but not TLR2. BMDCs from WT, TLR2−/−, and TLR4−/− mice were stimulated with 100 ng/ml of LPS, 10 μg/ml of PGN, or 5 μg/ml of DnaJ-ΔA146Ply for 24 h. (A) Surface costimulatory molecules CD40, CD86, and MHC-II were analyzed by flow cytometry. (B to E) Cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in supernatants were measured with ELISA. (F) Fluorescence intensity of the anti-His antibody bound to DnaJ-ΔA146Ply-treated DCs. DCs derived from WT, TLR2−/−, and TLR4−/− mice were treated with DnaJ-ΔA146Ply for 30 min, fixed, and stained with DAPI and anti-His antibody. The data are shown as means ± SDs. ***, P < 0.001.