PD-1 expression is increased on bovine PBMCs after M. bovis infection. PD-1 expression on PBMCs was tested after 18 h of incubation with or without M. bovis at different MOIs. (A) FCM gating on PBMCs showing different conditions, including untreated cells and Mb1-treated cells at different MOIs (5:1 and 100:1). SSC, side scatter; FSC, forward scatter. (B) Percent PD-L1 expression on PBMCs showing significant increases in PD-1 expression after Mb1 infection at an MOI of 100:1. Three technical replicates were always performed under every condition in each experiment, and the graphs indicate the medians and ranges of representative data from one of three independent experiments (four animals in each experiment). **, P < 0.01, representing significant differences in PD-1 expression on Mb1-infected PBMCs versus untreated cells.