Figure 4.

Schematic illustration of GRK regulation research progress. Accumulating evidence suggested that GRKs have the regulatory function in GPCR, RTK, and RS/TK signaling pathways. As GPCR induced transactivation of RTK or RS/TK that further broadened the GPCR network map, the next research area will be certainly turning into the potential functions of GRKs during the transactivation process. Black arrow; studies have confirmed interaction between GRKs and the target substrate. Dotted blue arrow; potential function of GRK in the transactivation of RTK or RS/TK. T in circle; signaling termination. P in circle; receptor phosphorylation. R in circle; regulation of receptor activities after interaction.