Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants in the Physician’s Health Study (PHS)
| Baseline characteristics | Cases (n =268) |
Controls (n =446) |
P-value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age at randomization ± SD (y) | 59.3 (8.8) | 57.4 (8.1) | Matched |
| Smoking status, no. (%) | Matched | ||
| Never | 105 (39) | 188 (42) | |
| Past | 139 (52) | 219 (49) | |
| Current | 24 (9) | 39 (9) | |
| Mean age at diagnosis ± SD (y) | 67.8 (8.8) | . | . |
| CRP (mg/L), median (IQR) | 1.12 (0.56–2.32) | 1.03 (0.50–2.11) | 0.31 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL), median (IQR) | 1.28 (0.92–2.03) | 1.10 (0.80–1.79) | 0.02 |
| TNFR-2 (pg/mL), median (IQR) | 2453 (2027–2847) | 2293 (1945–2722) | 0.049 |
| BMI, no. (%) | 0.16 | ||
| <23 kg/m2 | 50 (19) | 116 (26) | |
| 23–24.9 kg/m2 | 90 (33) | 144 (32) | |
| 25–26.9 kg/m2 | 77 (29) | 114 (26) | |
| 27 kg/m2 | 51 (19) | 72 (16) | |
| Aspirin assignment, no. (%) | 133 (50) | 230 (52) | 0.61 |
| Diabetes, no. (%) | 11 (4) | 11 (2) | 0.47 |
| Multivitamin use, no. (%) | 0.93 | ||
| Never | 169 (63) | 281 (63) | |
| Past | 43 (16) | 69 (16) | |
| Current | 56 (21) | 94 (21) | |
| Vigorous exercise, no. (%) | 0.46 | ||
| <1 time per week | 76 (28) | 118 (26) | |
| 1–4 times per week | 143 (53) | 259 (58) | |
| ≥5 times per week | 49 (18) | 69 (16) | |
| Alcoholic intake, no. (%) | 0.01 | ||
| ≤1 time per week | 79 (30) | 182 (41) | |
| 2–6 times per week | 103 (38) | 139 (31) | |
| ≥1 time per day | 86 (32) | 125 (28) | |
| Seafood intake ≥2–4 servings/week, no. (%) | 54 (20) | 115 (26) | 0.06 |
| Dairy food intake > 1 serving/day, no. (%) | 114 (43) | 221 (50) | 0.04 |
*
P values were calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel test for categorical variables and the paired t test for log transformed plasma CRP, IL-6, and TNFR-2.
IQR: Inter-quartile range.