Table 2.
Incidence of primary and secondary outcomes for all studies.
| All groups |
Early colonoscopy all included studies |
All early colonoscopies <12 h |
All comparison groups |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Combination of early colonoscopies <24 h and comparative group (including single-arm studies) | All early colonoscopies <24 h (including single-arm studies) | All early colonoscopies <12 h (including single-arm studies) | Delayed colonoscopy, no colonoscopy or other | |
| Primary outcome | ||||
| Overall rebleed rate | 13.5%; 11.8–15.5% (13 studies, n = 1374) |
12.9%; 10.8–15.3% (13 studies, n = 823) |
21.7%; 16.9–27.3% (5 studies, n = 240) |
14.5%; 11.8–17.7% (5 studies, n = 551) |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||
| Mortality (all causes) | 0.4%; 0.3–0.5% (13 studies, n = 24,520) 1.3%; 0.9–2.0% (12 studies without Navaneethan*, n = 1800) |
0.4%; 0.3–0.6% (13 studies, n = 10,422) 1.3%; 0.8–2.0% (12 studies without Navaneethan*, n = 1266) |
1.9%; 1.0–3.4% (4 studies, n = 532)) |
0.4%; 0.3–0.6% (7 studies, n = 14,098) 1.5%; 0.8–2.9% (6 studies without Navaneethan*, n = 534) |
| Mortality (related) | 1.1%; 0.6–1.8% (6 studies, n = 1303) |
1.1%; 0.6–2.0% (6 studies, n = 965) |
1.7%; 0.9–3.2% (3 studies, n = 522) |
0.9%; 0.3–2.6% (4 studies, n = 338) |
| Surgery | 6.8%; 5.2–8.8% (9 studies, n = 752) |
7.1%; 5.1–9.9% (9 studies, n = 450) |
8.1%; 4.0–15.9% (2 studies, n = 86) |
6.3%; 4.1–9.6% (5 studies, n = 302) |
| LOS (days) | 5.7 ± 5.2 (8 studies) | 4.5 ± 2.7 (8 studies) | 4.3 ± 2.0 (3 studies) | 5.9 ± 5.4 (7 studies) |
| Definite cause of rebleeding (including SHR) | 42.0%; 40.0–44.0% (15 studies, n = 2301) |
52.0%; 49.6–54.3% (15 studies, n = 1722) |
30.8%; 27.2–34.6% (5 studies, n = 601) |
12.3%; 9.8–15.2% (6 studies, n = 579) |
| Adverse events | 4.0%; 3.0–5.3% (13 studies, n = 1204) |
4.0%; 2.9–5.4% (10 studies, n = 282) |
0.9%; 0.2–4.8% (3 studies, n = 115) |
4.0%; 2.2–7.2% (3 studies, n = 429) |
| Other outcomes | ||||
| Length of ICU stay | 1.9 ± 0.4 (3 studies) | 1.8 ± 0.3 (3 studies) | 1.8 (no SD available) (1 study) | 5.0 ± 5.7 (1 study) |
| Blood transfusion (initial) | 1.3 ± 0.3 (2 studies) | 1.3 ± 0.4 (2 studies) | 1.5 ± 0.3 (1 study) | 1.3 ± 1.3 (2 studies) |
| Blood transfusion (total) | 3.4 ± 2.2 (7 studies) | 3.7 ± 1.9 (7 studies) | 2.9 ± 1.9 (2 studies) | 2.7 ± 2.8 (4 studies) |
| Definite or probable cause of LGIB | 69.6%; 67.3–71.8% (14 studies, n = 1596) |
81.6%; 79.3–83.7% (14 studies, n = 1147) |
87.9%; 82.0–92.0% (4 studies, n = 165) |
39.0%; 34.6–43.6% (6 studies, n = 449) |
| Endoscopic therapy | 33.4%; 32.8–34.0% (13 studies, n = 23,999) 18.5%; 16.4–20.7% (12 studies without Navaneethan*, n = 1279) |
34.3%; 33.4–35.3% (13 studies, n = 10,161) 21.5%; 19.2–24.1% (12 studies without Navaneethan*, n = 1074) |
24.2%; 18.3–31.3% (4 studies, n = 165) |
32.8%; 32.0–33.5% (4 studies, n = 13,838) 5.8%; 3.6–9.3% (3 studies without Navaneethan*, n = 274) |
*
Navaneethan and colleagues.9