Table 2.

Compound effect sizes (E_j) and statistical tests of the null hypothesis H₀: E_j = 0 versus the alternative H₁: E_j > 0 for compounds examined in infection neutralization experiments. Effect sizes and statistical tests were computed by assuming that a response of at least 50% neutralization is pharmacologically important.

Compounda	Numberb,c of responses below detection limit(k)	Detection limit (%)	Slope (âj)	Intercept $({\hat{b}}_j^{\ast })$	Compound effect size (Ej)	P-valued	Reject Ho?e
KU0104459	0	Not Used	1.304	5.563	11.858	1.0490E-07	Reject
KU0101338	0	Not Used	1.265	5.419	11.592	4.6160E-07	Reject
KU0102728	0	Not Used	0.687	4.116	11.155	4.5050E-06	Reject
KU0104328	0	Not Used	1.780	6.133	10.562	0.0000080	Reject
KU0104458	0	Not Used	1.611	5.747	10.250	0.0000009	Reject
KU0102846	0	Not Used	0.728	3.496	8.235	0.0000001	Reject
KU0104331	0	Not Used	1.964	5.255	7.028	0.0003487	Reject
KU0104170	0	Not Used	1.359	4.272	6.715	0.0000042	Reject
KU0104330	0	Not Used	1.808	4.883	6.596	0.0002132	Reject
KU0101566	0	Not Used	1.839	4.429	5.335	0.0000242	Reject
KU0104480	0	Not Used	0.551	2.359	5.044	0.0037141	Reject
KU0102687	0	Not Used	0.659	2.482	4.677	0.0001547	Reject
KU0103689	0	Not Used	1.490	3.631	4.425	0.0013418	Reject
KU0104329	3	4.42281	2.975	5.128	4.420	0.0337829	Reject
KU0101570	1	4.42281	1.950	4.077	4.261	0.0001934	Reject
KU0102523	0	Not Used	0.638	2.323	4.229	0.0000009	Reject
KU0103466	0	Not Used	0.870	2.701	4.196	0.0000135	Reject
KU0101407	2	4.42281	2.089	4.135	4.092	0.0013082	Reject
KU0104461	0	Not Used	1.394	3.135	3.525	0.0001186	Reject
KU0101449	0	Not Used	1.069	2.712	3.442	0.0015486	Reject
KU0103488	3	4.42281	2.641	4.208	3.352	0.0019370	Reject
KU0101601	2	4.42281	1.916	3.536	3.263	0.0002313	Reject
KU0101667	3	4.42281	2.600	4.095	3.225	0.0010664	Reject
KU0101152	2	4.42281	1.906	3.501	3.216	0.0026582	Reject
KU0103568	0	Not Used	0.865	2.142	2.654	0.0007045	Reject
KU0104351	1	4.42281	1.392	2.696	2.610	0.0294725	Reject
KU0104464	1	4.42281	1.441	2.413	2.020	0.0000274	Reject
KU0101587	0	Not Used	1.999	2.796	1.955	0.0517520	Not reject
KU0101598	1	4.42281	2.029	2.806	1.941	0.0024013	Reject
KU0104354	0	Not Used	1.483	2.379	1.909	0.0902165	Not reject
KU0104252	3	4.42281	2.093	2.696	1.736	0.0269597	Reject
KU0101548	1	4.42281	1.278	1.960	1.503	0.0003203	Reject
KU0101288	4	4.42281	2.953	2.680	1.216	0.0369284	Reject
KU0103963	1	4.42281	1.077	1.389	0.895	0.0049965	Reject
KU0103575	4	4.42281	2.496	1.584	0.502	0.2064629	Not reject
KU0103598	4	4.42281	2.139	1.342	0.421	0.0877485	Not reject
KU0102612	2	4.42281	1.287	1.030	0.412	0.0661612	Not reject
KU0106019	4	4.42281	2.099	1.259	0.378	0.1494977	Not reject
KU0102882	4	4.42281	2.520	0.606	0.073	0.2139543	Not reject
KU0102597	0	Not Used	0.648	0.166	0.021	0.3706192	Not reject
KU0102611	4	4.42281	0.236	−3.321	0	0.9579079	Not reject
KU0044662	4	4.42281	0.474	−2.306	0	0.9005957	Not reject
KU0101694	4	4.42281	0.617	−3.069	0	0.8108476	Not reject

^aSeven doses were tested with each compound, namely 0.2382, 0.4763, 0.9527, 1.9053, 3.6916, 7.5023 and 15.0045 µM.

^bOf the 62 compounds tested, 19 produced at least 5 responses below the detection limit, namely KU0103495, KU0102692, KU0101209, KU0102460, KU0102569, KU0103517, KU0103668, KU0102553, KU0103597, KU0102850, KU0103576, KU0103262, KU0103560, KU0103182, KU0101695, KU0102620, KU0101289, KU0103183, KU0102532. These compounds are not shown in the Table. Since the model has 3 parameters (slope, intercept and error variance), at least 3 doses producing true responses above the detection limit are required for estimating an effect size. Therefore, the model could not be fitted to data from these compounds.

^cWhen k > 0, the slope and intercept were estimated through constrained least squares by using a detection limit of 4.42%.

^dUncorrected p-value from t-test testing the null hypothesis that the compound effect size is 0.

^eDecision using a significance level of 0.05 and Simes correction for multiple comparisons (Benjamini and Hochberg, 1995).