Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of study participants at baseline (n=1,329)
| Age, mean ± SD | 66.1 ± 7.0 | |
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| Highest level of education | ||
| High school | 280 (21.3%) | |
| College | 585 (44.5%) | |
| Post-graduate | 451 (34.3%) | |
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| Race | ||
| White | 1,302 (97.6%) | |
| Other | 35 (2.60%) | |
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| ||
| Cigarette smoking status | ||
| Never | 705 (52.8%) | |
| Former | 587 (43.9%) | |
| Current | 44 (3.30%) | |
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| BMI category | ||
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 16 (1.20%) | |
| Normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) | 567 (42.7%) | |
| Overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2) | 462 (34.76%) | |
| Obese (>30kg/m2) | 284 (21.4%) | |
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| Percent body fat (%; mean ± SD) | 36.8% ± 6.02 | |
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| Total body fat (kg; mean ± SD) | 26.8 ± 9.20 | |
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| Lean body mass (kg; mean ± SD) | 42.0 ± 5.56 | |
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| Whole body bone mineral density (g/cm2; mean ± SD) | 1.06 ± 0.11 | |
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| Hormone therapy use | ||
| Never | 436 (32.6%) | |
| Former | 269 (20.1%) | |
| Current | 632 (47.3%) | |
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| Parity | ||
| 0 | 168 (12.6) | |
| 1–2 | 375 (28.1) | |
| 3–4 | 570 (42.8) | |
| ≥5 | 220 (16.5) | |
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| Age at menopause, mean ± SD | 49.3 ± 5.7 | |
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| Physical activity (MET-hour/week) | 14.3 ± 14.3 | |