Study Participants
* Reasons for refusal: No reason given (10), did not want to prolong ED stay (3), child does not need pain medication (2), did not want to provide social security number to receive giftcard (2), crying child (1)
¥ Missed: No reason given (8), concurrent enrollment with same or another study (2), sleeping and could not assent (1), could not approach due to ongoing ED care (1)
£ Withdrawn: Parent decided to not participate after signing consent but before starting the procedure